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MCB 317 Genetics and Genomics

MCB 317 Genetics and Genomics. MCB 317 Topic 10, part 3 A Story of Transcription. Co-activators & chromatin remodeling complexes not shown. Why are Acitvators cartooned as two balls held together by a tether?. General Factors RNAP Activators Properties of Activators.

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MCB 317 Genetics and Genomics

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  1. MCB 317Genetics and Genomics MCB 317 Topic 10, part 3 A Story of Transcription

  2. Co-activators & chromatin remodeling complexes not shown Why are Acitvators cartooned as two balls held together by a tether?

  3. General FactorsRNAP ActivatorsProperties of Activators

  4. ActivatorsMultiple functions = multiple domains • DNA binding domain • Activation domain • Dimerization domain (some) • Ligand binding domain (some)

  5. Genes in Yeast vs. Larger Euk

  6. Reporter gene in yeast -> use to study activators

  7. Deletion Analysis of Coding Region -> Truncated Proteins

  8. Domains of Activators

  9. Properties of Activators:Transcription factor families

  10. Gene Families • It is more common to create variations of a useful protein structure than it is to create a new structure • Families created by gene duplication and divergence

  11. Gene Families are Generated by Duplication and Divergence

  12. ActivatorsMultiple functions = multiple domains • DNA binding domain • Activation domain • Dimerization domain (some) • Ligand binding domain (some)

  13. Activators classified based on their DNA binding domain: Transcription factor families • Helix-turn-helix • Helix-loop-helix • Homeobox • Zinc finger • Leucine zipper

  14. Activators classified based on their DNA binding domain: Transcription factor families Protein Domains and Structural Motifs Different Family Members = Different Binding Site

  15. General Properties of Proteins that bind DNA Protein – DNA interaction

  16. Helix-turn-helix

  17. Homeodomain

  18. Zinc finger type I structure

  19. Leucine Zipper Activators (factors) that dimerize only bind DNA as dimers

  20. Homodimers bind inverted repeats

  21. Homodimers, Heterodimers, Family Members and Recognition Sites

  22. Zinc-finger type II Heterodimers

  23. Helix-loop-helix dimer

  24. Cell Type Specific Patterns of Txn = Combination of Which Receptors and Txn Factors (Activators) a Cell Produces

  25. Some Key Activators -> Txn of other Activators

  26. ActivatorsMultiple functions = multiple domains • DNA binding domain • Activation domain • Dimerization domain (some) • Ligand binding domain (some)

  27. Gene family members Gene Gene Ortholog Gene Paralog Orthologs = family members in different species Paralogs = family members in same species

  28. Blast Search Yeast = 34 Zinc Finger Txn Factors (Activators)

  29. Biochemistry 1 Gene (Organism 2) Paralogs Protein 2 6 9 5 4 9 Orthologs and Paralogs Gene Ab 7 3 8 Expression Pattern Mutant Gene 10 Mutant Organism 11 Genetics

  30. Many Types of Steroid Hormones

  31. A Variety of Family Members of Steroid-binding TxnFactors (Activators) In General Family Members have similar properties: Monomer v. dimer, mode of activation/inhibition, even types of genes regulated: homeodomains -> genes invovled in development

  32. Gene Families • It is more common to create variations of a useful protein structure than it is to create a new structure • Families created by gene duplication and divergence

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