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Announcements

Learn the basics of the World Wide Web (WWW) and HyperText Markup Language (HTML). Discover how to create web pages using HTML tags, make hyperlinks, and explore web design packages like Netscape Composer and Macromedia DreamWeaver.

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Announcements

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Presentation Transcript

  1. Announcements

  2. WWW and HTML • Review what is WWW • Description of HTML • HyperText Markup Language

  3. What is WWW? • Via Internet, computers can contact each other • Public files on computers can be read by remote user • usually HyperText Markup Language (.html) • HTTP - HyperText Transfer Protocol • URL - Universal Resource Locator - is name of file on a remote computer • http://www.msu.edu/~urquhar5/tour/active.html

  4. How to make a web page • Define the two basic steps required in making a web page.

  5. Two Basic Steps • Create an HTML File • Upload file to server

  6. .html • Web documents are text files with .html extension • These text files have HTML “tags” in them

  7. HTML Tags • Each opening HTML tag has a closing HTML tag that matches it. • <P> for begin paragraph is followed by </P> for end paragraph • <P> goes at beginning of paragraph • </P> goes at end of paragraph

  8. Example of Tags • <P>Here is the paragraph about something</P><P>Here is the second paragraph</P> What it will look like: Here is the paragraph about something. Here is the second paragraph.

  9. Essential HTML Tags • <HTML> begins HTML document • <BODY> begins body of document • <H1>Here’s a header in big type</H1> • <P>Here’s a paragraph</P> • </BODY> ends body • </HTML> ends HTML document

  10. Browser Output of Page If you opened that page in Netscape Navigator, it would look like this: Here’s a header in big type Here’s a paragraph

  11. View Page Source • Using “View Page Source” allows you to see the HTML behind a page • When we get into advanced HTML pages, this can be really important for learning how someone did something • http://puffin.bird.audubon.org/

  12. File Transfer Protocol • FTP Program (also called FTP client) used to transfer files from your computer to your public web directory housed on the MSU computers • WS_FTP LE is a good, free FTP program • In MSU Labs, can directly save stuff in your AFS space, on the P: drive, in the web directory

  13. Your personal web space • http://www.msu.edu/~pilotname/index.html • Three steps: • Make your pilot web space public (in advanced features) • Create a file named index.html • Use FTP to transfer a file named index.html into your web directory

  14. Web Design Packages • Microsoft FrontPage • Adobe GoLive • Netscape Composer • Macromedia DreamWeaver

  15. Netscape Composer • Netscape Composer allows WYSIWYG (what-you-see-is-what-you-get) editing of web pages • Controls similar to Microsoft word – font formatting, colors, etc.

  16. Macromedia Dreamweaver • Excellent Site Building Tool • Allows organization of files, ftp, and WYSIWYG editing all-in-one • Principal program we will use in class • Create page, then go to Site | Put and it transfers it for you!

  17. Dreamweaver • You can download a trial version of Macromedia Dreamweaver by going to: • http://www.macromedia.com/software/dreamweaver/trial/ • Expires in 30 days

  18. HTML Advanced • NeoTrace • Hyperlinks and WWW • Advanced HTML Formatting

  19. Where is a Domain Server? • Domain www.microsoft.com is on a server owned by Microsoft. But where is the server? • How does your computer contact that server?

  20. NeoTrace • NeoTrace is a shareware program that allows you to watch the “hops” and “stops” in a search for a web document

  21. What is a Hyperlink? • Hyperlinks (also called “links”) are references in an HTML file that allow a user to connect to a different URL • Hyperlinks are the magic behind the WWW - they transport you to a different world • Michigan State University • You may link to any page you wish!

  22. Hyperlinks in HTML Code <a href=“URL”>Text for link</a>

  23. Hyperlinks in Action <p>Welcome to Lyman Briggs School. <a href=“http://www.msu.edu/~lbs/index.html”> Lyman Briggs School </a> is a residential science program. </p> What it will look like: Welcome to Lyman Briggs School. Lyman Briggs School is a residential science program.

  24. Local Hyperlinks • If you are linking to a file in your directory, you do not need the entire URL. <a href=“personal.html”>Personal Statement</a> • You may also link to a location within the page (link to a “target”) • Done

  25. Inserting a Link in Macromedia Dreamweaver • Highlight Text • Go to Link part of properties box • (may need to expand box using lower right arrow) • Local : Click on Folder to Right of Link Box and find file • -or- • Remote: Type in hyperlink – must include http:// • e.g. http://www.harvard.edu

  26. Question? • How would you make a three column layout in a web page? • Talk to your neighbor and figure it out

  27. Tables in HTML • Tables are incredibly difficult to hand code. • Why? Each cell needs a <td></td> tag, each row needs a <tr></tr> tag, and the outer table needs a <table></table> tag. • Use Microsoft Word or Netscape Composer to edit tables. I recommend NC. • Done

  28. Why Tables? • CONTROL! • Tables allow you to control where items appear on pages. • LBS Homepage is all tables (without borders)

  29. Inserting Tables in Macromedia DreamWeaver

  30. A Word about Frames • Frames are also used to control layout • Each cell is a separate window • Frames are BAD! because they are user-UN-friendly

  31. Graphics • Question: How does a web page include graphics? • Are the graphics included in the HTML file or separate files?

  32. Graphics: JPGs • JPG (JPEG) is a file format standing for Joint Photographic Experts Group • Use .jpg ending on files • JPGs are the best format for color photos and high-color images on the web • Scanned photos should be saved as JPGs • Photoshop, SuperPaint or other image editor is good for editing JPGs

  33. Graphics: GIFs • GIF stands for Graphic Image Format • .gif ending on GIF files • GIFs are perfect for graphical images with only a few colors (e.g. text headers) • Very bad for photographs • Photoshop, SuperPaint, PowerPoint and others good for GIFs

  34. Graphics in HTML • <img src=“URL”> • Can include size parameters • <img src=“URL” height=80 width=240> • <img src=“dru.gif” height=25 width=100> • Note: No closing tag!

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