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Futurism and Forster. Two Views of Early 20th-Century Technology. E(dward). M(organ). Forster. Born 1879 in London, died 1970. Attended King’s College, Cambridge 1897-1901 Member of the Bloomsbury Group.
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Futurism and Forster Two Views of Early 20th-Century Technology
E(dward). M(organ). Forster • Born 1879 in London, died 1970. • Attended King’s College, Cambridge 1897-1901 • Member of the Bloomsbury Group. • Published Where Angels Fear to Tread in 1905; A Room with a View in 1908; Howard’s End in 1910 (“only connect. . “); A Passage to India (1924); Maurice 1971. • The Celestial Omnibus 1914 (short stories).
Filippo Tomasso Marinetti • Born 1876 in Alexandra, Egypt; died 1944 in Italy • Published Destruction in 1904. • Published “The Founding and Manifesto of Futurism” in Figaro, Paris, 1909 • Supported fascism in Italy in the early 1920s • Associated with painters Giacomo Balla and Umberto Boccioni • Vladimir Mayakovsky and Velimir Khlebnikov began a Futurist movement in Russia shortly after 1909 • Example of a period automobile
Valentine de Saint-Point • Born in Lyons, France, in 1879; died in Cairo, Egypt in 1953. • Published poems in Marinetti’s journal Poesia from 1906 • Published “Manifesto of the Futurist Woman” in 1912 • Performed Métachorie in Paris in 1913 and in New York in 1917 • Renounced Futurism in 1914 • Moved to Egypt in 1920, where she published a political and cultural journal, Le Phoenix
Developments Before 1909 • 1879: Edison’s electric light bulb • 1888: Edison’s kinetoscope • 1889: Hollerith develops first punch-card calculating device • 1895: Lumière brothers’ film “Workers Leaving the Lumière Factory” shown at Hotel Scribe. • 1899: Marconi establishes wireless telegraph service between England and France • 1900: Freud’s Interpretation of Dreams • 1901: First transatlantic wireless telegraph • 1908: Henry Ford manufactures the Model T • 1909: Johannsen identifies genes
Developments After 1909 • 1910: Morgan discovers gene-chromosome relationship • 1912: Titanic sinks • 1913: Edison develops motion pictures with sound • 1913: Ford establishes factory assembly line • January 1914 - November 1918: WWI • 1915: gas warfare and fighter aircraft • 1915: Einstein’s general theory of relativity • 1919: first dial telephone
Some Terms to Consider • poiesis • techne • utopia • dystopia • free will • technological determinism • instrumental reason • division of labor • technocracy