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Introduction

Introduction. India is growing large number of banana varieties depending on preferences, resource availability and production system. Banana cultivars are of 3 types: Dessert, Culinary and hill areas.

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Introduction

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  1. Introduction India is growing large number of banana varieties depending on preferences, resource availability and production system. Banana cultivars are of 3 types: Dessert, Culinary and hill areas. Dessert: Robusta, Dwarf Cavendish, Grand Naine,Rasthali, Nendran, Red Banana, etc. The Cavendish group is preferred in export market. Culinary:Monthan, Vayalvazhai are cultivated for culinary purpose. Nendran is a dual purpose variety used for dessert and culinary. Hill areas: Grown inhilly areas, Virupakshi, Sirumalai and Namarai. Red Banana, Manoranjitham (Santhanavazhai) and Ladan. .

  2. Banana Varieties Cultivated in India

  3. Banana Varieties cultivated in India

  4. Important Cultivars of Banana • Dwarf Cavendish: A popular commercial cultivar grown for tableand processingpurpose. Basrai is a popular variety of Cavendish group of banana grown in Maharashtra. • Banana plant is dwarf and less prone to lodging. Bunch and fruit size moderate but shelf life is short. A bunch has 6-7 hands with about 13 fruits per hand and weighs 15-25 kg. Thick rind of fruit retains greenish colour even when riped. • Hanuman or Padarre are two popular Cavendish varieties due to larger bunches weighing 55-60 kg. They perform well under light soils, high-density plantation and drip irrigation. These cultivars are highly susceptible to Sigatoka leaf spot disease in humid tropics. Dwarf Cavendish

  5. Important Cultivars of Banana Dwarf Cavendish Dwarf Cavendish

  6. Important Cultivars of Banana Rasthali: Medium tall variety with unique fruit quality. Highly prized cultivar for table purpose. Fruits are yellowish green in colour but turn golden yellow after ripening. Fruit are tasty with good aroma. Long crop duration, high susceptibility to Fusarium wilt disease, protection of fruits from sun burning / cracking and formation of hard lumps in fruits make crop production more expensive. Rasthali

  7. Important Cultivars of Banana Robusta: It is a high yielding variety with large sized bunches and fruits. Dark green fruits turn bright yellow on ripening. Bunch weighs about 25-30 kg but requires propping, staking and support to trees. Fruit has a poor keeping quality, bad for long distance transportation. Robusta is highly susceptible to Sigatoka leaf spot disease common in humid tropics. Robusta

  8. Important Cultivars of Banana Poovan (Mysore): A perennial cultivar grown in specific location in the India like Poovan in Tamil Nadu. Fruit is slightly acidic, firm with sour-sweet aroma. Fruits turn to attractive golden yellow on ripening. Medium sized, closely packed bunch, resistant to cracking and with good keeping quality. Highly susceptible to Banana Bract Mosaic Virus (BMV) and Banana Streak Virus (BSV). . Poovan

  9. Important Cultivars of Banana Nendran: A popular variety in Kerala and Tamilnadu for table and processing. Plants differs in stature, pseudostem color, presence or absence of male axis. Bunch has 5-6 hands weighing about 12-15 kg. Fruits have distinct neck, thick green skin turning buff yellow on ripening. Fruits are starchy even on ripening. Highly susceptible to Banana Bract Mosaic Virus (BBMV), nematodes and stem borers. Nendran

  10. Important Cultivars of Banana Red Banana: Red banana is a prized variety of Kerala and Tamil Nadu especially grown in Kanyakumari and Tirunelveli districts of Tamil Nadu. It is called Lal Velchi in Bihar and Chandra Bale in Karnataka. Color of pseudo stem, petiole, midrib and fruit rind is purple red. It is a robust plant with bunches weighing 20-30 kg under good management practices. Fruits are sweet, orange yellow colored and with a pleasant aroma. It is highly susceptible to bunchy top, Fusarium wilt and nematodes. Red Banana

  11. Important Cultivars of Banana Ney Poovan: Ney Poovan is diploid cultivar found in Tamil Nadu. Plant bearing 15-30 kg bunches after 12-14 months. Dark green fruits with good shelf life turn golden yellow when ripe. Fruits are fragrant, tasty, powdery and firm. It is tolerant to leaf spot disease but susceptible to Fusarium wilt disease. Ney Poovan

  12. Important Cultivars of Banana Virupakshi: It is an elite perennial table variety grown in Palani and Shevroy hills of Tamil Nadu. It is vigorous and hardy but not prolific. Fruits show a typical curvature, possess a pleasant aroma and taste. Being a perennial crop it is susceptible to Banana Bunchy Top Virus (BBTV). Virupakshi

  13. Important Cultivars of Banana Pachanadan: It is popular variety in Tamilnadu in marginal soils, well suited for intercrop in Coconut or Areca nut garden. Bunch weighs from 12-15 kg matures after 11-12 months. This variety can be used in Nendran plantations for gap filling as it reaches harvesting at same time. It is tolerant to leaf spot and BBTV diseases, but susceptible to wilt. Pachanadan

  14. Important Cultivars of Banana Monthan: It is tall and robust plant bearing bunches of 18-20 kg after 12 months good for processing. Fruits are bold and pale green. Apart from culinary use of fruits, pseudo-stem core is a highly relished vegetable and has medicinal properties. Monthan type clones like KanchiVazhai and Chakkia are popular. It is cultivated for production of leaves in Trichy and Tanjore districts. Resistant to BBTV, tolerant to salinity but highly susceptible to Fusarium wilt disease. Monthan

  15. Important Cultivars of Banana Karpuravalli: A variety grown for table purpose which can grow in marginal soils of Tamil Nadu, Kerala, and some parts of Bihar where it is called Kanthali. It is a tall, robust plant. Fruits are sweetest amongst all Indian bananas. It is occasionally seeded depending on the seasonal variability. It is ash coated golden yellow and sweet fruits have good keeping quality. Highly susceptible to wilt disease, tolerant to leaf spot disease. Karpuravalli

  16. Important Cultivars of Banana SafedVelchi Musa: It is a table purpose variety popular in Thane & Nasik districts of Maharashtra and Kanara district of Karnataka. This variety is medium sized with slender yellowish green pseudo-stem and can be recognized by the reddish petiole margin. Safed Velchi Musa Fruits are larger in size with very thin papery rind and white firm sweet flesh. The average bunch weight is about 12 kg with about 150 fruits/bunch. Duration of the variety is about 13 months.

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