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Physics in Space or Phenomenology and Fundamentals of our Universe Giovanni F. Bignami

Physics in Space or Phenomenology and Fundamentals of our Universe Giovanni F. Bignami CESR Toulouse, Univ. Pavia (INAF-INFN). years of naked-eye astronomy. 登封观星台. “De Revolutionibus”. years of astronomy with telescopes. Padova, 1609. years of space astronomy. August 1957 Vostok.

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Physics in Space or Phenomenology and Fundamentals of our Universe Giovanni F. Bignami

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  1. Physics in Space or Phenomenology and Fundamentals of ourUniverse Giovanni F. Bignami CESR Toulouse, Univ. Pavia (INAF-INFN)

  2. years of naked-eye astronomy

  3. 登封观星台

  4. “De Revolutionibus”

  5. years of astronomy with telescopes

  6. Padova, 1609

  7. years of space astronomy

  8. August 1957 Vostok Sergei Korolev

  9. 1963 Racing to the Moon

  10. Cosmic background from radio to gamma rays

  11. Home to Greisen, Zatzepin & Kuzmin…

  12. GZK or no GZK, where is the other half of the sky i.e. where is the cosmological antimatter ?

  13. AMS-01

  14. Cosmic background from radio to gamma rays

  15. Those ripples in the spacetime metric bring us to a new, non-electromagnetic astronomy with GRAVITY WAVES

  16. 5 106 Km LISA Laser Interferometer Space Antenna

  17. LISA sky

  18. Primordial universe and LISA

  19. Sir Fred, where are you? Everyone hails as a great success a theory which explains < 4% of our Universe. Dark energy, dark matter Dark what ?

  20. Can’t our Universe make up its mind? to inflate, to expand or to accelerate ?

  21. Supernovae lead us naturally to another baby, non e-m astronomy : neutrinos (12 out of 1058 ) from:

  22. The other astronomical neutrino source, the Sun, has also taught us a nice piece of physics (even if it took several decades): neutrinos oscillate and have mass

  23. -oscillations have a QED analogous : (2)g - LPB oscillations - LPBs are predicted by Standard Model extensions, such as Kaluza-Klein or superstring theories - Best know LPB is the Peccei-Quinn AXION - What mass m and what two-photon coupling constant M for an LPB (axion)?

  24. Zavattini et al (softly) say: m= 10-3 eV M= 3.8 105 GeV PRL 96,110406 (2006) But, at CERN, CAST says NO by 5 orders of magnitude… If true: New Physics

  25. In the sky we can do BETTER than in Legnaro or CERN, thanks to neutron stars, and especially the 0737 binary system

  26. Gamma ray observatories soon to have a look

  27. Astronomy check of PVLAS claim, just as well, if it is a scalar boson

  28. Quantum vacuum birefringence for B close to Bcrit creates orbital and rotational modulation of X-rays from the 0737 system PRL 94,161101 (2005) QED vacuum effects close to neutron stars, where photons propagate in a highly magnetized vacuum:

  29. Dupays et al PRL submitted Quantum vacuum magnetization has more surprises in store, including for isolated neutron stars: • Quantum Vacuum Friction: for magnetars QVF energy loss is >> e.m. radiative energy loss • QED suppression of vacuum dicroism creates extra elliptical polarization for light travelling close to magnetars (Dupays and Roncadelli in press)

  30. Where to with Space Part? • Gravitational waves : need 1 source! Correlation with Planck Correlation with GRBs • Neutrino astronomy (need > 2 sources) • GZK or no GZK? post-Auger EHE CRs • NEW PHYSICS: QED close to neutron stars? LPBs (or LSBs) -> DM candidates (one of many…) QVL, QVF, QVP (high energy missions) • Bring Cold Atoms in space

  31. ESA COSMIC VISION asks What are the Laws of our Universe? You have the chance to give an aswer : watch for ESA AO

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