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MODIS Atmosphere Data Products and Science Results

MODIS Atmosphere Data Products and Science Results. Steven Platnick 1,2 Michael D. King , 2 W. Paul Menzel, 3 Yoram J. Kaufman, 2 Steve Ackerman, 4 Didier Tanré, 5 and Bo-Cai Gao, 6 1 University of Maryland Baltimore County 2 NASA Goddard Space Flight Center

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MODIS Atmosphere Data Products and Science Results

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  1. MODIS Atmosphere Data Productsand Science Results Steven Platnick1,2 Michael D. King,2 W. Paul Menzel,3Yoram J. Kaufman,2 Steve Ackerman,4Didier Tanré,5 and Bo-Cai Gao,6 1 University of Maryland Baltimore County 2 NASA Goddard Space Flight Center 3 NOAA/NESDIS, University of Wisconsin-Madison 4 University of Wisconsin-Madison 5 Université des Sciences et Technique de Lille 6 Naval Research Laboratory S. Platnick, Director's Seminar/Earth Sciences Directorate Briefing, 21 May 2001

  2. MODIS atmospheres Outline • MODIS atmosphere products • Granule level (5 min.) product examples • Global examples • Summary S. Platnick, Director's Seminar/Earth Sciences Directorate Briefing, 21 May 2001

  3. MODIS atmospheres MODIS Atmosphere Products • Pixel level products (Level 2) – cloud masking/detection (U. Wisc.) – clouds: optical, microphysical properties (GSFC); cloud-top properties (U. Wisc.); thin cirrus (NRL) – aerosols: land & ocean optical properties (GSFC, U. Lille) – clear sky: temperature, humidity, O3 (U. Wisc.) S. Platnick, Director's Seminar/Earth Sciences Directorate Briefing, 21 May 2001

  4. MODIS atmospheres MODIS Atmosphere Products, cont. • Gridded time-average products (Level 3) – daily, 8 day, monthly composites – 1˚ x 1˚ equal angle grid – mean, standard deviation, marginal and joint probability distributions http://modis-atmos.gsfc.nasa.gov Applications: climate change studies and modeling, numerical weather prediction (future sensors), fundamental research S. Platnick, Director's Seminar/Earth Sciences Directorate Briefing, 21 May 2001

  5. Global mean radiative forcing of the climate system year 2000, relative to 1750 (IPCC assessment, Jan. 2001) warming Radiative forcing (W-m-2) cooling Level of scientific understanding S. Platnick, Director's Seminar/Earth Sciences Directorate Briefing, 21 May 2001

  6. Global mean radiative forcing of the climate system year 2000, relative to 1750 (IPCC assessment, Jan. 2001) warming Radiative forcing (W-m-2) cooling Level of scientific understanding S. Platnick, Director's Seminar/Earth Sciences Directorate Briefing, 21 May 2001

  7. MODIS atmospheres Assimilation & Numerical Weather Prediction • algorithms provide a heritage for Visible/Infrared Imager/Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) onboard National Polar-orbiting Operational Environmental Satellite System (NPOESS) in coming decade • NESDIS/NCEP studying real-time MODIS uses Other Applications • complimentary data for other Terra/Aqua instruments, other missions (e.g., CloudSat ESSP mission, etc.) S. Platnick, Director's Seminar/Earth Sciences Directorate Briefing, 21 May 2001

  8. MODIS atmospheres Cloud Mask(S. Ackerman, R. Frey, et al. – U. Wisconsin CIMSS) • 1 km nadir spatial resolution day & night, 250 m daytime • 17 spectral bands (0.55-13.93 µm, incl. 1.38 µm) – 11 spectral tests (function of 5 ecosystems) – temporal consistency test over ocean, desert (nighttime) – spatial variability test over ocean • 48 bits per pixel, including individual test results, processing path. Clear sky maps. • input to land, ocean, rest of atmosphere algorithms S. Platnick, Director's Seminar/Earth Sciences Directorate Briefing, 21 May 2001

  9. Example of 1.38 µm band in cloud detection19 April 2000, 0510 UTC true color composite (R: 0.66, G: 0.86, B: 0.46 µm) S. Platnick, Director's Seminar/Earth Sciences Directorate Briefing, 21 May 2001

  10. Example of 1.38 µm band in cloud detection19 April 2000, 0510 UTC true color composite (R: 0.66, G: 0.86, B: 0.46 µm) 1.38 µm band S. Platnick, Director's Seminar/Earth Sciences Directorate Briefing, 21 May 2001

  11. Gobi desert dust storm20 March 2001, 0255 UTC S. Platnick, Director's Seminar/Earth Sciences Directorate Briefing, 21 May 2001

  12. MODIS atmospheres Cloud Top Properties(P. Menzel, L. Gumley, et al. – NOAA NESDIS, U. Wisc. CIMSS) • Cloud top pressure, temperature, effective emissivity • 5 km spatial resolution, day & night • CO2 Slicing technique (5 bands, 12.0-14.2 µm) – most accurate for high and mid-level clouds – technique previously applied to HIRS (NOAA POES, 20 km) MODIS 1st satellite sensor capable of CO2 slicing at high spatial resolution S. Platnick, Director's Seminar/Earth Sciences Directorate Briefing, 21 May 2001

  13. MODIS atmospheres Cloud Optical, Microphysical Properties(M. D. King, S. Platnick, M. Gray, E. Moody, et al. – NASA GSFC, UMBC) • Optical thickness, particle size (effective radius), water path, thermodynamic phase • 1 km spatial resolution, daytime only, liquid water and ice clouds (using individual cloud mask tests) • Land, ocean, desert, snow/sea ice surfaces • Solar reflectance technique VIS- MWIR ( 0.65, 0.86, 1.2, 1.6, 2.1, 3.7 µm) MODIS 1st satellite sensor with all useful SWIR, MWIR bands S. Platnick, Director's Seminar/Earth Sciences Directorate Briefing, 21 May 2001

  14. MODIS SAFARI granule RGB composite 13 September 2000, 0925 UTC Zambia Angola Namibia Botswana Angola South Africa ER-2 ground track marine stratocumulus Etosha Pan Namibia S. Platnick, Director's Seminar/Earth Sciences Directorate Briefing, 21 May 2001

  15. (>99%) (>95%) (>66%) S. Platnick, Director's Seminar/Earth Sciences Directorate Briefing, 21 May 2001

  16. S. Platnick, Director's Seminar/Earth Sciences Directorate Briefing, 21 May 2001

  17. S. Platnick, Director's Seminar/Earth Sciences Directorate Briefing, 21 May 2001

  18. S. Platnick, Director's Seminar/Earth Sciences Directorate Briefing, 21 May 2001

  19. Cloud-top Pressure, Temperature 1000 320 850 298 700 277 550 255 400 233 250 212 190 100 Tc (K) pc (mb) S. Platnick, Director's Seminar/Earth Sciences Directorate Briefing, 21 May 2001

  20. Cloud Optical Thickness, Effective Radius 50 60 50 40 40 30 30 20 20 10 10 0 0 tc re (µm) S. Platnick, Director's Seminar/Earth Sciences Directorate Briefing, 21 May 2001

  21. ecosystem= MOD12 IGBP + USGS water + tundra classification surface albedo = ecosystem + MOD43 (Strahler, Schaaf, et al.) aggregation band 2 1 5 6 7 S. Platnick, Director's Seminar/Earth Sciences Directorate Briefing, 21 May 2001

  22. Correction of Imagery for Thin Cirrus (B.-C. Gao, P. Yang – NRL, UMBC) Cirrus Image (1.38 µm) Cirrus Corrected Image Uncorrected Image 2 September 2000Canada S. Platnick, Director's Seminar/Earth Sciences Directorate Briefing, 21 May 2001

  23. MODIS atmospheres Aerosol Optical, Microphysical Properties(Y. Kaufman, D. Tanré, L. Remer, A. Chu, et al. – NASA GSFC, U. Lille) • 10 km spatial resolution, daytime • Ocean: – spectral optical depth, effective radius, size distribution (fine, coarse mode contributions) – 0.55, 0.65, 0.86, 1.2, 1.6, 2.1 µm bands • Land: – optical depth over dark pixels (vegetation) – uses correlation between visible (0.47, 0.65 µm) and 2.1 µm surface reflectance S. Platnick, Director's Seminar/Earth Sciences Directorate Briefing, 21 May 2001

  24. Gobi desert dust storm20 March 2001, 0255 UTC S. Platnick, Director's Seminar/Earth Sciences Directorate Briefing, 21 May 2001

  25. Gobi desert dust storm20 March 2001, 0255 UTC aerosol optical depth 2.0 1.5 1.0 0.5 0.0 S. Platnick, Director's Seminar/Earth Sciences Directorate Briefing, 21 May 2001

  26. Continental to Regional Scale Pollutionin Northern Italy 600 km 25 September 2000 400 km 2030 km 2.0 Ispra Venice 1.0 2330 km 0.0 aerosol optical depth(0.55 µm) S. Platnick, Director's Seminar/Earth Sciences Directorate Briefing, 21 May 2001

  27. Aerosol Optical Depth, Effective Radius 0.5 2.4 0.4 1.8 0.3 1.2 0.2 0.6 0.1 0.0 0.0 ta (0.55 µm) re(µm) S. Platnick, Director's Seminar/Earth Sciences Directorate Briefing, 21 May 2001

  28. 0.47 µm 0.66 µm R = 0.91 R = 0.85 Land retrieval frequency (%) 0 20 40 60 80 100 Global AERONET comparisons Total points = 315; excluding Venice, El Arenosillo sites Chu et al., GRL, 2001 S. Platnick, Director's Seminar/Earth Sciences Directorate Briefing, 21 May 2001

  29. MODIS atmospheres Atmospheric moisture, temperature, ozone(P. Menzel, L. Gumley – NOAA NESDIS, U. Wisconsin) • Moisture and temperature profiles, precipitable water, atmospheric stability indices (15 MWIR, IR bands) • column ozone (9.6 µm band) • 5 km spatial resolution (GOES 3x3 pix ~ 30 km min) Daytime precipitable water(B.-C. Gao – NRL) • 1 km spatial resolution (0.91, 0.94 µm water vapor bands) • over clear sky land surface and clouds, uses correlation between NIR and 1.2 µm reflectance S. Platnick, Director's Seminar/Earth Sciences Directorate Briefing, 21 May 2001

  30. Atmospheric Water Vapor R: 0.65, G: 0.86, B: 0.46 Precipitable Water Vapor (cm) April 12, 2000 S. Platnick, Director's Seminar/Earth Sciences Directorate Briefing, 21 May 2001

  31. Atmospheric Water Vapor Precipitable Water Vapor (mm) MODIS, 5 km R: 0.65, G: 0.86, B: 0.46 GOES, ~ 40 km (U. Wisc., CIMSS) 11 May 2000 upper midwest S. Platnick, Director's Seminar/Earth Sciences Directorate Briefing, 21 May 2001

  32. MODIS Atmosphere Web site http://modis-atmos.gsfc.nasa.gov • Images • Validation • News • Staff • References • ATBDs • Validation Plans • Publications (pdf) • Tools • Granule locator tools • Spatial and dataset subsetting • Visualization and analysis • Data products • Format and content • Grids and mapping • Sample images • Acquiring data S. Platnick, Director's Seminar/Earth Sciences Directorate Briefing, 21 May 2001

  33. MODIS atmospheres Summary • MODIS provides an unprecedented opportunity for atmospheric studies (36 spectral channels, high spatial resolution) • comprehensive set of atmospheric algorithms • archival of pixel level retrievals, global statistics • validation activities are high priority (ground- based, in situ aircraft, other satellites) • applications to climate studies, future weather satellite sensors/algorithms and assimilation S. Platnick, Director's Seminar/Earth Sciences Directorate Briefing, 21 May 2001

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