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CS101 Lecture 9

CS101 Lecture 9. Booting A Computer. Booting Up A Computer Dilemma. To get our computer running we need the OS To survive when the computer is turned off the OS must be saved to a storage device, usually the hard drive

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CS101 Lecture 9

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  1. CS101 Lecture 9 Booting A Computer

  2. Booting Up A Computer Dilemma • To get our computer running we need the OS • To survive when the computer is turned off the OS must be saved to a storage device, usually the hard drive • The OS knows how to get software off of the hard drive so it can run on the computer, but the OS is in the hard drive when the computer tries to start so it cannot get itself out of the hard drive • How does the computer start up without the OS?

  3. The Computer Uses Its Firmware • Two types of firmware: • ____(_asic _nput _utput _ystem) • Older method that has been in use since the 1970’s. • Older Windows computers still use BIOS • ____ (_nified _xtensible _irmware _nterface) • Newer way invented by Intel in mid - 1990’s • Used by Macs and newer Windows computers • Will take over during this decade

  4. Booting a computer • When you press the Power button an electrical signal is sent to the ______ __________ ____ ____ _______ or (EPROM) • EPROM has the special ability to be able to store zeros and ones without any power being supplied • The EPROM is where the computers firmware stored (either BIOS or UEFI) • The firmware instructions are used to get the computer started

  5. Firmware’s Duties • The principal duties of the firmware during booting are as follows: • Verify the integrity of the firmware code itself • Run the _______ __ ____ ____ (POST) • discover, initialize, and catalog all system buses and devices • Stop boot up if fails test • Check to see if it needs to provide a user interface for system's configuration • Identify, organize, and select which devices are available for booting • Construct whatever system environment that is required by the target OS and load the OS from the storage device.

  6. Firmware loads __ from drive • Last thing firmware does is look on the storage devices for the __ • Firmware instructs disk where OS is found to send an electrical copy of the OS to ___ and then tells the processor to start processing the OS directions that are in RAM • More and more files are copied from the disk into ___ until the OS is loaded and controlling the computer • Once the OS is loaded into memory and running it takes over charge of the computer

  7. How to bring up firmware user interface. • Enter Windows = Look for key to hold down during startup. • Enter Mac = Can’t. • Hold T key for Target Disk Mode • Hole Option key to choose start up disk • Install rEFIt

  8. Why do we care how a computer starts?

  9. #1 Fix a Non-Booting Computer • Interpret _____ beep codes • Enter the ________ to fix computer • Change ____ order • Tell computer to ____ from optical drive. • ____ computer off emergency CD and run repair utilities

  10. # 2 Change Firmware Options • Turn on ________ security • Cannot boot computer without password • Change energy setting • Can save money on utility bill • Etc.

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