NHCE Book One

1. NHCE Book One Unit 3

2. Pre-reading Activities • Background Information • 1. Manhattan is a suburb of New York.2. Brooklyn is a suburb of New York.3. Ebbets Field is the stadium built by and named after Charlie Ebbets, the owner of the Brooklyn Dodgers baseball team. The first game played in this former home of the Brooklyn Dodgers took place in 1938. The Dodgers no longer play for Brooklyn. For more information, visit http://www.baseball-almanac.com/stadiume.shtml and http://www.ballparks.com/baseball/national/ebbets.htm

3. 4. Dodgers: The Dodgers, the name of a baseball team; the team originally played for Brooklyn but now it no longer plays for Brooklyn. For more information, visit http://www.mcny.org/brookln2.htm

4. Lead-in Activities • One form of communication that has a positive influence on us is the act of deep caring. When words fail and nothing else seems to work, a simple, kind act of caring can change our lives, lift our spirits and give us a model to follow — to live up to for the rest of our lives. In this unit, we read three stories that touch us deeply. They show how even with personal problems, all of us, if we use our courage, our imagining, and our giving nature, can choose to make others' lives better. It's a noble life-goal that: living our daily lives in a way that makes life better for others. Why not do kind things for others every day of your life? Do them without any thought of gain for yourself, and see what happens. You may be surprised and pleased with the result.

5. While-reading Activities New Words

6. Lean • 1. rest on sth. in a listing position for support 倚；靠There is a ladder leaning against the wall.有一架梯子靠在墙上。The old man leaned upon his stick.那位老人倚着拐杖。2. be in a listing position; bend 倾斜；倾向；偏向Don't lean out of the window.

7. balance • 1. even sharing of weight; even; equal 平衡；均衡Riders need a good sense of balance. 骑马的人需要有良好的平衡感。It's difficult to keep one's balance on an icy street.在结冰的街道上保持平衡是不容易的。2. condition that exists when two opposites are equal or in even lots or percents 均势, 平衡Try to achieve a better balance between work and play.要努力使工作和娱乐更好地平衡。This newspaper keeps a good balance in its printing of different opinions. 这家报纸在发表各种不同的观点方面保持着良好的平衡。

8. severe • 1. very bad, intense, difficult, etc 非常恶劣的；紧张的；困难的a severe headache 剧烈的头疼The dry spell is becoming more and more severe.旱灾日益严重。2. strict or hard in thinking or treatment; using strict discipline 严格的；严肃的；严厉的a severe punishment 严厉的惩罚Was the judge too severe on the thief? 法官对小偷太严厉了吗？

9. coordinate • cause (different parts, body parts, etc) to work together very well 使协调The plan was not very well coordinated.那项计划各部分协调得不好。We must coordinate our efforts to help people influenced by the flood.我们必须齐心协力去帮助遭受水灾的灾民。

10. halt • v. stop;interrupt 暂停；中断；中止Work was halted when the machine broke down. 机器出故障时，工作停了下来。 • n. A stop or pause暂停；中断；中止The car came to a halt in time to prevent an accident. 汽车及时刹住, 避免了一场事故。Production was brought to a halt by a strike. 由于罢工, 生产停顿了。

11. adjust. V. • 1. (to) become or make suited (to new conditions); to change 使适应（新环境）；适应The former soldiers had difficulty in adjusting to ordinary life. 退役军人难以适应平民的生活。The body quickly adjusts itself to changes in temperature.人体很快自行调节以适应气温变化。2. (to) change (sth.) by a small bit so that it will fit or be right for use; make regular 调整；校准；调准adjust the focus of a camera调整照相机的焦距My eye glasses need adjusting. 我的眼镜需要校准。

12. Subway n • 1. [C] a railway under the ground in a city（城市中的）地下铁道He travels to work by subway every day. 他每天乘地铁上班。subway station地铁车站2. [C] a tunnel for walking under the ground, esp. one under a road or railway（尤指马路或铁路下方的）地下通道；人行隧道subway to cross the road 穿过马路的人行隧道

13. Amaze v • fill (sb.) with great surprise or wonder使大为惊讶；使惊愕He amazed everyone by passing his driving test. 他通过了驾驶员考试而令大家非常惊讶。We were amazed at the change in how he looked. 我们对他外表的改变感到惊讶。

14. Stress n • 1. demands or worry (resulting from mental or body problems, difficult situations, etc.)（由于精神、体力不适或困境等造成的）压力；忧虑；紧张He suffered from great stress.他受到很大压力。the stresses and strains of modern life现代生活的紧张和压力2. special pushing or importance强调；重视He feels that there is not enough stress on drawing at the school. 他认为学校对绘画重视不够。

15. Stress v • 1. give particular importance to; push 强调, 重视He stressed the need of careful planning. 他强调要精心计划。2. give force to (a word or word-part) when speaking 重读, 读重音The word "machine" is stressed on its second syllable. "machine"这个词第二个音节读重音。

16. complaint • 1. the act of saying that one is not satisfied or unhappy抱怨；诉苦The road-works caused much complaint among local neighbours. 修路工程使当地居民叫苦连天。You have no cause for complaint. 你没有理由诉苦。2.a report of lack of satisfaction 控告；投诉；抱怨She made a complaint about the noise.她就噪音问题提出了投诉。We've received many complaints about bad work.我们收到了不少关于工艺低劣的投诉。

17. Engage v • 1. (in) (cause sb.) take part in or be occupied in sth.（使）从事；（使）忙于I have no time to engage in telling stories.我没有时间闲聊。be engaged in business经商2. employ sb.; hire sb.雇用；聘用She was engaged as a teacher. 她被聘作教师。

18. He's been engaged to paint the house. 他被雇来油漆这所房子。3. use or attract (sb.'s thoughts, time, etc.) 使全神贯注；引起（注意）；占用（时间）Nothing engages his attention for long.什么也不能长时间地吸引住他的注意力。The woman's problem engaged our feelings. 那个妇女所处的困境引起了我们的同情。

19. Punch v • 1. strike (sb./sth.) hard with the fist 用拳猛击punch a man in the face 用拳猛击某人的脸He has a face I'd like to punch. 他有一张我很想饱以老拳的脸。2. use a punch to cut (a hole) in (sth.)用打孔机打孔The ticket-collector punched my ticket.售票员在我的票上打了个孔。

20. Urge v • 1. try hard or repeatedly to persuade (sb.) 力劝He urged us to go.他力劝我们去。"Don't give in now,"she urged."不要现在就让步，"她竭力劝道。2. encourage or excite sb. to do sth.鼓励；催促；鞭策The manager urged his staff on to greater efforts.经理督促全体职员更加努力。

21. Urge n • a strong wish or need 强烈愿望, 迫切需求I had a sudden urge to tell the boss the whole truth. 我突然产生一种强烈愿望, 想把全部真相告诉老板。

22. reluctant • unwilling and therefore slow to work with sb., agree, etc. 不愿意的；迟迟不合作的；不同意的a reluctant student 一个不愿上学的学生She was very reluctant to admit the truth. 她很勉强地承认了事实真相。

23. complain • (about, of) say that one is not satisfied, unhappy 抱怨；诉苦You're always complaining!你总是没完没了地抱怨。She complained to me about his bad manners. 她向我诉说他的粗暴无礼。

24. Language Points

25. A Good Heart to Lean On (title) • Meaning: A good heart to depend on for support and encouragement. Notice that in this sense, "lean" is used with the preposition "on". They always lean on us when they are in trouble. 他们有困难时总寻求我们的支持。The minister leaned on his advisers for support. 这位部长依靠他的顾问支持。

26. When I was growing up, ... (Para. 1) • Meaning: When I was developing from a child to a man; before I had become adult

27. ...his hand on my arm for balance... (Para. 1) • Meaning:... his hand was on my arm for balance or with his hand on my arm for balancefor balance: so as to spread his weight evenly

28. You set the pace. I will try to adjust to you. (Para. 2) • Meaning: You decide the speed of walking and I will try to change my speed and keep up to yours.set the pace: fix the speedThe fast runner set the pace, and the others followed. 跑得较快的赛跑者决定步速, 其他的人则跟着跑。adjust to: change a little to make right or suitable for a particular situation or purpose. Notice here "adjust" is very often used with "to".My eyes haven't adjusted to the dark in the room yet. 我的眼睛还未适应房间中的黑暗。

29. .despite nasty weather. (Para. 3) • Meaning: even with terrible weather; although the weather was very bad. Notice that no "of" is used after "despite". Look at the following sentences:I went out despite (or in spite of) the rain. 虽然下着雨, 我还是出了门。Despite (or In spite of) mistakes and weaknesses, it is a good composition. 尽管有错误和不足, 这还是一篇好作文。

30. ...and would make it to the office even if others could not. (Para. 3) • Meaning: arrive in time at the office even if others could not.make it: This phrase has two meanings, 1) arrive in time 2) succeed with effortsI think we'll just make it!我想我们会及时到达!It's hard to make it to the top in the show business. 想在演艺圈出人头地, 殊非易事。

31. ... the lower steps that the warmer tunnel air kept free of ice. (Para. 4) • Meaning: the lower steps that the warmer tunnel air kept without ice.free of (or: from): without (something or someone unwanted); safe from; untroubled or not marked by. Look at the following two examples:The old lady is never free of (or: from) pain. 那位老妇人一直在遭受痛苦。Meals are provided free of charge. 膳食免费供应。

32. ... subject himself to such shame and stress. (Para. 5) • Meaning: experience such shame and stresssubject (one / oneself) to: cause to experience or suffer. The officials subjected him to the worst possible punishment. 当局给予他最严厉的惩罚。He was subjected to torture. 他受到了严刑拷打。The scientists subjected the product to a number of severe tests. 科学家对这种产品进行了数次严格测试。

33. Now that I am older, I believe .... (Para. 7) • Meaning: Because I am older, I believe... . Here "now that" is used as a conjunction, meaning "since" when we are talking about the effect of an event or change. This conjunction can be shortened to "now". For example:Now (that) John has arrived, we can begin. 既然约翰来了, 我们可以开始了。Now (that) she's found him, she'll never let him go. 既然她找到了他, 就决不会放他走了。I like him a lot now (that) he's older. 他现在老了, 我倒十分喜欢他。

34. And when I came home on leave, he saw to it that I visited his office. (Para. 11) • Meaning: And when I came home from the Navy for a holiday, he made sure that I visited his office. The verb phrase "see to" means "take care, make sure". When this phrase is followed by a that-clause, we can either say "... see to it that-clause" or simply "... see that-clause". Please look at the following examples:Father saw to it that much of my spare time was not wasted.父亲极力注意不让我的许多业余时间白白浪费。See that you are not late again. 务请注意不要再迟到。

35. Post-reading Activities Exercises

36. I. Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the form where necessary. • severely • inwardly • coordinate • envious • reluctance • urge • occasion • complain • amaze • balance

37. 1. She smiled, but she was very angry _____.2. We were ______to hear the news that the well-known writer, in her late eighties, was still writing a book.3. He translated not only from the English, but also, on _____, from the French.4. The American couple ______about the high cost of visiting Europe.

38. 5. He had repeatedly ____her to come to the United States to join him, but she was still reluctant.6. Government officials visited the flood area on Thursday morning to _____the relief efforts.7. He finally agreed to sign the agreement, but with some _____.8. I don't think I'm ____of your success at your present job.

39. Homework • Translate the following sentences into English • 1.既然你计划移居加拿大, 那你必须努力适应寒冷的气候。 • 2.他承诺帮助我们买下那幢房子, 但有点勉强。 • 3.这是一次重要的会议, 请务必不要迟到。 • 4.他是个有经验的商人; 他做国际贸易已有好几年了。 • 5. 她力劝我接受那个新职位, 虽然那职位报酬并不优厚。