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Slope processes, landslides and subsidence (Chapter 8)

Slope processes, landslides and subsidence (Chapter 8). La Conchita, January 10, 2005. http://landslides.usgs.gov/recent/events/laconchita/images/LaConchita0105_sm.mov. Mass wasting (page 241).

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Slope processes, landslides and subsidence (Chapter 8)

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  1. Slope processes, landslides and subsidence (Chapter 8)

  2. La Conchita, January 10, 2005 http://landslides.usgs.gov/recent/events/laconchita/images/LaConchita0105_sm.mov Mass wasting (page 241) • Materials moving down under gravity “Material” = loose rocks, soils, artificial fills or a combination of these • Can be fast (landslides), or slow (creep)

  3. Types of movement (pages 243-244, Fig. 8.4) • SLIDE When materials move along a definite plane • SLUMP When materials move along a curved plane • FALL When loose materials fall freely under gravity • FLOW Movement of a thick, soupy fluid

  4. http://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2004/3072/fs-2004-3072.html La Conchita, 1995

  5. LANDSLIDE CAUSES (pages 245-256) • Modified from USGS Landslide fact sheet • http://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2002/3072/ • Geological causes • Weak, sensitive and/or broken materials (sheared, jointed or fissured etc.) • Weathered materials • Materials with a discontinuous plane oriented parallel to slope (bedding, schistosity, fault, unconformity, contact, etc.) • Contrast in permeability and/or stiffness of materials

  6. Morphological causes • Tectonic or volcanic uplift • Glacial rebound • River, wave, or glacial erosion • Underground erosion (solution, piping) • Deposition loading on top of slope • Vegetation removal (by fire, drought) • Thawing • Freeze-and-thaw weathering • Shrink-and-swell weathering

  7. Human causes • Excavation of slope or its toe • Loading of slope or its crest • Drawdown (of reservoirs) • Deforestation • Irrigation • Mining • Artificial vibration • Water leakage from utilities

  8. Three MOST common causes of landslides are: • Water • Earthquakes • Volcanoes

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