The Cell Membrane and Transport Across the Cell Membrane

1. The Cell Membrane and Transport Across the Cell Membrane

2. Cell Wall Chloroplasts Prokaryotes Eukaryotes Nucleus Endoplasmic reticulum Golgi apparatus Lysosomes Vacuoles Mitochondria Cytoskeleton Cell membrane Ribosomes Cell wall Animal Cells Plant Cells Cell membrane Ribosomes Nucleus Endoplasmic reticulum Golgi apparatus Vacuoles Mitochondria Cytoskeleton Lysosomes

3. Cell Membrane protects and supports prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells and organelles

4. Cell membrane Endoplasmic reticulum Microtubule Microfilament Ribosomes Michondrion The cell membrane is a fluid, semi-permeable bilayer that separates the cell's contents from the environment.

5. Cell Membrane • Fluid at physiological temperatures and allows cells to change shape due to physical constraints or changing cellular volumes. • Regulates movement of molecules from one side to the other

6. Phosholipids – form the phospholipid bilayer of the cell membrane Phospholipids - form the phospholipid membranes that surround the cell and intracellular organelles such as the mitochondria. The phospholipid membrane allows free diffusion of some small molecules such as oxygen, carbon dioxide, and small hydrocarbons, but not charged ions, polar molecules or other larger molecules such as glucose, salt . Semi-permeable – allows some things to pass through and not other things

8. http://ekgenius.net/Physio/Cell/membrane.html

9. Max-Planck-InstitutfürbiophysikalischeChemie

10. Carbohydrate chains Proteins Cell membrane Protein channel Lipid bilayer Figure 7-15 The Structure of the Cell Membrane Fluid Mosaic Model Outside of cell Inside of cell (cytoplasm)

12. Diffusion Diffusion causes many substances to move across a cell membrane but does not require energy.

13. What is Osmosis? The movement of water across a semi permeable membrane. Osmosis is the movement of water (red dots) through a semipermeable membrane to a higher concentration of solutes (blue dots). Osmosis does not require energy.

14. Osmosis – water moves from a higher concentration to a lower concentration until equilibrium is reached Water molecules Higher Concentration of Water Cell membrane Lower Concentration of Water Sugar molecules

20. Facilitated Diffusion- Diffusion of larger molecules (glucose, starch, salts) using protein channels in the cell membrane, does not require energy Glucose molecules High Concentration Cell Membrane Protein channel Low Concentration

22. Passive Transport • When material move from areas of high concentration to low concentration they don’t requires energy. • Examples • Diffusion • Facilitate Diffusion • Osmosis Particles Water

23. Active Transport • When material move from areas of low concentration to high concentration they requires energy. • Examples • Endocytosis • Exocytosis

24. Exocytosis

25. Endocytosis

26. Types of Endocytosis • Phagocytosis • Pinocytosis

27. Pinocytosis

28. Pinocytosis

29. Levels of Organization

30. Levels of Organization Muscle cell Smooth muscle tissue Stomach Digestive system

31. Interactive Review http://www.northland.cc.mn.us/biology/BIOLOGY1111/animations/passive1.swf

32. http://www.phschool.com/atschool/phbio/active_art/diffusion/index.htmlhttp://www.phschool.com/atschool/phbio/active_art/diffusion/index.html http://www.phschool.com/atschool/phbio/active_art/active_transport/index.html