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The Death of Jesus

The Death of Jesus. Intergenerational Seminary Session #8. What describes Jesus on the cross: abandoned, trusting, or triumphant?. Abandoned (Matthew/ Mark). Trusting (Luke). Triumphant (John). When did Jesus’ trial before the Sanhedrin take place?. Night. Day.

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The Death of Jesus

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  1. The Death of Jesus Intergenerational Seminary Session #8

  2. What describes Jesus on the cross: abandoned, trusting, or triumphant? Abandoned (Matthew/ Mark) Trusting (Luke) Triumphant (John) When did Jesus’ trial before the Sanhedrin take place? Night Day Was Jesus crucified on the Passover? Yes (Synoptics) No (John: day before) Did one of the thieves repent on the cross? Yes (Luke) No (Matthew, Mark, John)

  3. Seven Last Words Mark Matthew Luke John Eloi, eloi, lama sabachthani X X Forgive them X Today you’ll be in paradise X I commend my spirit X Behold, your son X I thirst X It is finished X

  4. Lectionary • Palm (Passion) Sunday • Year A: Matthew • Year B: Mark • Year C: Luke • Good Friday • Every year: John

  5. Gethsemane

  6. Jesus in the Garden • Mark • Resigned (doesn’t respond to Judas or to the cutting off of the slave’s ear) • Abandoned (young man runs away naked [14:51-52]) • Matthew • Extremely similar to Mark (came back three times to find the disciples sleeping, etc.) • Emphasis on Mount of Olives (2 Samuel 15:30-31) • Rebukes the one who cut off the slave’s ear

  7. Jesus in the Garden • Luke • Less dramatic than Matthew/Mark • “As was his custom” • No rebuke of disciples, who only fall asleep once • Jesus is not sorrowful to death • Faithful to God • An angel comes to comfort Him • Heals the slave’s ear

  8. Jesus in the Garden • John • Doesn’t ask God to take the cup from Him (12:27) • Expects Judas (goes out to meet him) • Identifies Peter as the sword-wielder

  9. Jesus Before the Sanhedrin, and Peter’s Denial

  10. Sanhedrin Trial • Mark & Matthew • Witnesses give conflicting testimony • Jesus remains silent, until asked if He is the Christ • Mark: “I am.” • Matthew: “You have said so.” • Both: “And you will see the Son of man seated at the right hand of Power, and coming with the clouds of heaven.” • Mark only: unanimous verdict • Matthew only • Judas returns money to the chief priests and hangs himself (II Samuel 17:23)

  11. Sanhedrin Trial • Luke • Trial takes place the following day • Night reserved for Peter’s denials • Jesus present with Peter (only in Luke) • No false witnesses • Jesus composed (at peace, innocent) • John • Trial before Annas, Caiaphas’s father-in-law • Answers are open, defiant • Emphasis on “another disciple”

  12. Sanhedrin Trial Summary

  13. Roman Trial

  14. Roman Trial • Mark • Second trial before Sanhedrin? (15:1) • Few details (Pilate already knows the story) • Pilate is an empty character (not ennobled), who caves easily to the crowd’s demands • Matthew • Only mention of Pilate’s wife’s dream • “His blood be on us and on our children.” (27:25)

  15. Roman Trial • Luke • Pilate finds no crime in Jesus, sends Him to Herod, who mocks him and sends Him back to Pilate • Pilate intends to set Jesus free • John • Involved exchange between Jesus and Pilate • Jesus is mocked (crown of thorns, purple robe) before being convicted • “Behold, the man.”

  16. Roman Trial Summary

  17. Crucifixion, Death, and Burial

  18. Crucifixion, Death, and Burial • Mark • Three-fold structure: 3-fold prayer in Gethsemane, Peter’s denials, 3rd/6th/9th hours, three groups mock Jesus • OT references • “Save yourself” – Psalm 22:8-9 • World plunged into darkness – Amos 8:9 • “My God, my God, why have you forsaken me?” • Only thing Jesus says in Mark (and Matthew) • Only later do we hear of onlookers • Joseph of Arimathea was “courageous” • Pilate checks to make sure Jesus is dead

  19. Crucifixion, Death, and Burial • Matthew • Only gospel that mentions • wine mixed with gall (Psalm 69:22) • an earthquake and the dead rising when the Temple veil is torn • guards at the tomb

  20. Crucifixion, Death, and Burial • Luke • Only gospel that • Doesn’t mention mocking by the soldiers • Did the chief priests lead Jesus to His death? • Mentions Jews who are not Jesus’ followers but are sympathetic (“daughters of Jerusalem”) • “Father, forgive them, for they know not what they do.” • Has one thief repent (and call Him Jesus, otherwise only done by blind beggar of Jericho)

  21. Crucifixion, Death, and Burial • John • No Simon of Cyrene (Jesus carries His own Cross) • Women and disciples are at the foot of the Cross • Matthew/Mark: women are far away, disciples have fled • Victorious Jesus – mission completed • Only mention of Nicodemus

  22. Crucifixion Summary

  23. Theories of Atonement • Satisfaction (Anselm, 11th century) • Predominant in conservative circles • Christus Victor (Aulen, 20th century) • C.S. Lewis, Chronicles of Narnia • Moral example • Inevitable, if not necessary

  24. Upcoming Schedule • NEXT Wednesday, August 17, 7 PM • The Resurrection of Jesus • Wednesday, August 24, 7 PM • Who is Jesus for Us Today?

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