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Enhancing DNS Security: Threats, Goals, and Solutions

Review DNS hierarchy, query, and record security. Learn about threats like man-in-the-middle attacks, denial of service, wildcards, and more. Understand security goals like data integrity and non-existence authentication. Explore components like resolvers, zones, and name servers to secure DNS effectively.

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Enhancing DNS Security: Threats, Goals, and Solutions

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  1. Domain Name System Security Cora Hussey and Roy Shea April 9, 2003

  2. Review of DNS Hierarchy

  3. Review of DNS Query

  4. Review of DNS Record

  5. Threats to DNS • (A) Man in the middle • (B) ID guessing and query prediction • (C) Corrupt DNS server

  6. Threats to DNS (Continued)

  7. Threats to DNS (Continued) • (A) Denial of service • (B) No authentication of non-existence • (C) Wildcards

  8. DNS Security Goals • Data origin authentication • Data integrity • Authentication of non-existence

  9. Changes to DNS • New resource records • Signature (SIG) • Key (KEY) • Delegation Signer (DS) • Next (NXT) • New bits in message header • Checking disabled (CD) • Authentic data (AD)

  10. Authentication Chain

  11. Security Aware Components • Resolver • Verifies digital signatures • Forms authentication chains • Dependent on security aware • recursive name server • proxy • zone • name server

  12. Security Aware Components (Continued) • Stub Resolver • Ideally trusts • recursive name server • channel to recursive name server • Or set the Checking Disabled bit and verify the security chain itself

  13. Security Aware Comonents(Continued) • Zone • Proper setting of TTL and SIG validity periods • Periodically update SIGs, forcing an SOA update • Name Server • Be able to include extended records in response to queries • Key management of zone signing keys and key signing keys

  14. Questions • What attacks are still possible with DNS security? • Are wild cards worth the effort? • Is partial deployment beneficial? • What attacks does DNS security make possible? • Are their better methods to secure DNS?

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