AADMER AND ASEAN’S COOPERATION WITH THE CIVIL SOCIETY IN DISASTER MANAGEMENT AND HUMANITARIAN ASSISTANCE

1. By Adelina Kamal Head of Disaster Management & Humanitarian Assistance Division, ASEAN Secretariat AADMER AND ASEAN’S COOPERATION WITH THE CIVIL SOCIETY IN DISASTER MANAGEMENT AND HUMANITARIAN ASSISTANCE 2nd Workshop on ASEAN Defense Establishments and CSOs Cooperation on Disaster Management, 28-29 June 2010, Bangkok, Thailand

2. OVERVIEW OF THE AADMER ASEAN’S ENGAGEMENT WITH CIVIL SOCIETY CIVIL MILITARY COORDINATION IN AADMER 1 3 2 4 CONTENT Toward a disaster-resilient and safer community by 2015

3. OVERVIEW OF THE AADMER 1 2 3 4 CONTENT Toward a disaster-resilient and safer community by 2015

4. FOR THE LAST FIVE YEARS, 8 OUT OF 10 ASEAN MEMBER STATES HAVE EXPERIENCED MAJOR DISASTERS WITH ALMOST 500 THOUSAND PEOPLEDEAD OR MISSING, RECONSTRUCTION COSTS OF MORE THAN USD 10 BILLION AND MORE THAN 17 MILLION PEOPLE AFFECTED 584million people home of mega disasters Toward a disaster-resilient and safer community by 2015

5. Affect 584 million or nearly 1/10 of world population Source: http://www.emdat.be Number of disasters in ASEAN from 2001-2009: • Flood – 213 (13% of world total) • Storm – 132 (13%) • Earthquake – 42 (15%) • Landslide – 42 (24%) • Epidemic – 36 (6%) • Volcanic eruption – 15 (26%) • Drought – 12 (7%) • Wildfire – 7 (5%)

6. AADMER - For a more united and coordinated response toward disasters within the region A legal framework for all ASEAN Member States and serves as a common platform in responding to disasters within ASEAN Objective: Reducing disaster losses in ASEAN countries, and jointly respond to disaster emergencies Initiated in mid 2004 before tsunami, signed by Foreign Ministers of ASEAN in July 2005 after 4 months of negotiation Toward a disaster-resilient and safer community by 2015

7. AADMER - For a more united and coordinated response toward disasters within the region Ratified by all ten countries in ASEAN, entered into force on 24 Dec 2009 Mentioned under both the Political Security cooperation as well Socio-cultural cooperation of the ASEAN blueprint signed by all ASEAN Leaders ASEAN Coordinating Centre for Humanitarian Assistance (AHA Centre) as the operational coordination body and engine of AADMER ASEAN Leaders have designated Secretary-General of ASEAN as the ASEAN Humanitarian Assistance Coordinator for natural disasters and pandemic in ASEAN Toward a disaster-resilient and safer community by 2015

8. ASEAN Committee on Disaster Management National Disaster Management Centre, Ministry of Home Affairs, Brunei Darussalam Relief and Resettlement Department, Ministry of Social Welfare, Relief and Resettlement, Myanmar National Committee for Disaster Management, Cambodia National Disaster Coordinating Council, Philippines Current Chair National Agency for Disaster Management (BNPB), Indonesia Singapore Civil Defence Force, Ministry of Home Affairs, Singapore National Disaster Management Office, Ministry of Labour and Social Welfare, Lao PDR Department of Disaster Prevention and Mitigation, Ministry of Interior, Thailand National Security Division, Prime Minister’s Department, Malaysia Central Committee of Flood and Storm Control, Viet Nam

9. Tools under AADMER: SASOP ASEAN Standby Arrangements for Disaster Relief and Emergency Response • emergency response/ SAR directory • military and civilian assets • emergency stockpiles of relief items • DM expertise and technologies The Parties shall prepare Standard Operating Procedures for: • regional standby arrangements • utilisation of military and civilian assets • coordination of joint disaster relief and emergency response operations Toward a disaster-resilient and safer community by 2015

10. …. SASOP as the operational document ….. • Contents • Disaster Preparedness • Assessment & Monitoring • Emergency Response • Chapter VI: Facilitation & Utilisation of Military & Civilian Assets & Capacities (being developed) • Annexes (of Templates and Forms)

11. ASEAN Regional Disaster Emergency Response Simulation Exercise (ARDEX) • Annual conduct of ARDEX to enhance Member Countries’ capabilities in joint disaster relief and emergency operations • Lessons learnt serve as inputs for review, and enhancement for the ASEAN SASOP Article 8.3.c Conduct training and exercises to attain and maintain the relevance and applicability of the Standard Operating Procedures

12. ARDEX-05 Malaysia Collapsed Structure Disaster Scenario ARDEX-06 Cambodia Flood Disaster Scenario ARDEX-07 Singapore Massive Collapse of Structures Scenario ARDEX-08 Thailand Typhoon, technological disaster scenario ARDEX-09 Philippines Volcanic eruption scenario ARDEX-10 Indonesia Earthquake tsunami, chemical emergency scenario

13. ASEAN-Emergency Rapid Assessment Team (ERAT) First deployment (2 times) in 2008 after Cyclone Nargis in Myanmar Idea endorsed by ASEAN Member States in March 2008 ERAT being formed, to be tested as part of ARDEX scenario ERAT being formed, to be tested as part of ARDEX in early Nov Objective: a pool of trained and rapidly deployable (within 24 hours) ERAT Toward a disaster-resilient and safer community by 2015

14. OVERVIEW OF THE AADMER 1 CIVIL MILITARY COORDINATION IN AADMER 2 4 3 CONTENT Toward a disaster-resilient and safer community by 2015

15. ASEAN HAS ADDRESSED CIVIL MILITARY COORDINATION IN AADMER All ASEAN’s work linked to disaster management needs to be in line with the AADMER Maintain ASEAN’s centrality and coordinate efforts AADMER Articles 8, 9, 11, 12 and 15 Draft Chapter VI of SASOP underlines the need to treat the utilisation of military assets as part of a “Whole Government Approach” Toward a disaster-resilient and safer community by 2015

16. ASEAN HAS ADDRESSED CIVIL MILITARY COORDINATION IN AADMER Involve or consult the civilian government organisations in charge of disaster management (the National Disaster Management Organisations or NDMOs) who are members of ACDM It is critical that ADMM/ADSOM’s work and other relevant entities be familiar with AADMER and the operational documents developed so far AADMER belongs not only to the NDMOs, but to all elements of the society in ASEAN countries Toward a disaster-resilient and safer community by 2015

17. CIVIL MILITARY COORDINATION IN AADMER 2 OVERVIEW OF THE AADMER 1 3 4 CONTENT Toward a disaster-resilient and safer community by 2015

18. AADMER - For a more united and coordinated response toward disasters within the region Principle 6: “The Parties, in addressing disaster risks, shall involve, as appropriate, all stakeholders including local communities, non-governmental organisations and private enterprises, utilising, among others, community-based disaster preparedness and early response approaches” Toward a disaster-resilient and safer community by 2015

19. THE SIGNIFICANCE OF ASEAN CHARTER From a LOOSELY-ORGANISED body towards more RULE-BASED inter-governmental organisation Providing ASEAN with a LEGAL PERSONALITY To be an EFFECTIVE PLAYER on the international stage • CHAPTER 1: PURPOSES, point 13 “ To promote a PEOPLE-ORIENTED ASEAN in which all the sectors of society are encouraged to participate in, and benefit from, the process of ASEAN integration and community building” Toward a disaster-resilient and safer community by 2015

20. Examples of engagement with CSO • Grounding of policies (such as providing inputs in the development of policies, facilitating dialogues, providing platforms for bringing the voices of the most vulnerable) • Support in the development of monitoring indicators for key policy outputs

21. ASEAN Partnership Group

22. ASEAN Partnership Group in AADMER

23. Examples of engagement with CSOs • Strengthening institutional capacity (such as through secondment, attachment programme, etc) • Supporting the implementation (such as ASEAN youth volunteers programme, public education and awareness, training, etc) • Sharing good practices and tools • Monitoring progresses at the community level

24. Cyclone Nargis • First time for ASEAN’s collective response to a major disaster within the ASEAN region • First time for ASEAN to establish an ASEAN-led coordinating mechanism and play a significant role in the international humanitarian arena • First time for mechanisms and tools under AADMER tested and utilised in a real situation Cyclone path Cyclone path

25. Assessment and Monitoring • Post-Nargis Joint Assessment • Periodic Reviews • Social Impacts Monitoring

26. CSOs Participation • Planning and execution (such as development of tools, facilitating dialogues, etc) • Operational support • Assessment teams • Peer review

27. ASEAN Volunteers Programme • First-ever in ASEAN • Promoting people-centred ASEAN • Bringing ASEAN closer to the people • Cooperation with local and international NGOs to train and work together with the ASEAN volunteers

28. CSOs Participation • Development of proposals • Planning • Training of ASEAN volunteers • Implementation • Direct feedback

29. CIVIL MILITARY COORDINATION IN AADMER 2 OVERVIEW OF THE AADMER 1 3 4 CONTENT Toward a disaster-resilient and safer community by 2015

30. conclusions AADMER provides the legal framework for both civilian and military organisations in enhancing ASEAN cooperation in disaster management: “Whole Government Approach” 1 AADMER provides the opportunity for ASEAN to work closely with the CSOs, particularly those who are ASEAN-borne and ASEAN-based: “People-Centered Approach” 2 Toward a disaster-resilient and safer community by 2015

31. Thank you …