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North & South America. Ali Youssef 10/7. South America. Andean Peoples. Highlands of Colombia to the Atacama Desert Andeans have been living at high altitudes for over 10,000 years Due to living at high altitudes their bodies have the unique ability to process oxygen more efficiently.
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North & South America Ali Youssef 10/7
Andean Peoples • Highlands of Colombia to the Atacama Desert • Andeans have been living at high altitudes for over 10,000 years • Due to living at high altitudes their bodies have the unique ability to process oxygen more efficiently
Nazca • Flourished from 100 BC to 800 AD • Dry Southern coast of Peru in river valleys. • Produced an array of beautiful crafts and technologies. • Constructed Aqueducts that still work
Early Nazca society • Made of up of local chiefdoms and regional centers of power. • Nazca religious beliefs were based upon agriculture and fertility. • Much of the Nazca art depicts powerful nature gods.
Moche • Located on the northern coast of what is now Peru from the 1st to the 8th century AD • Cities, temples and canals • Best known for their ceramic art • Stratified society with a powerful elite and an elaborate, well-codified ritual process
Chimu • Minted the largest and most important political system in Peru before the Inca • First half of the 14th century AD • Excellent work in gold, silver and copper • Unique pottery types
The Inca Empire • Largest empire in pre-Columbian America • Incas called their empire Tawantinsuyu, the “Land of the Four Corners” • Official language : Quechua • Divided into four “suyu” which intersected at the Capital Cuzco
Religion of the Incas • Reincarnation • Euro-American notion of heaven • Inca Moral Code ama suwa, ama llulla, ama quella (do not steal, do not lie, do not be lazy) • Human sacrifices • Deities
Arctic People • 15,000 years back • Summers were short so nothing was able to grow. Only small plants like mosses were able to survive before winter arrived again.
Subarctic People • Fishing and hunting • Shelters in forrests • Harsh winters (up to -30 C)
The Eastern Woodlands • 1000 BCE to 1000 CE • Covered the Eastern Part of the U.S.A from the Atlantic the Mississippi and the Great Lakes • Mostly deer hunters and farmers • The Adenas – hunters and gatherers • The Hopewells – villages, cultivation of plants etc..
Sources • KwaZulu Natal Weather and Climate (2012) South Africa Explored. Retrieved 4/18/2012. From • http://www.sa-venues.com/weather/kwazulunatal.htm • James Collier (2010) Acting White: Why Black Hair is Curly, Kinky, and/or Nappy. Retrieved • 4/18/2012. From http://www.curlynikki.com/2010/12/why-black-hair-is-curly-kinky- • andor.html • J.L. Rupert, P.W. Hochachka (2 July 2012) Genetic Approaches to Understanding Human • Adaptations to Altitude in the Andes. In Journal of Experimental Biology. Retrieved • 4/18/2012. From http://jeb.biologists.org/content/204/18/3151.full.pdf • Mayell, H. (25 February 2004) Three High-Altitude Peoples, Three Adaptations to Thin Air. In • National Geographic. Retrieved 4/18/2012. From http://news.nationalgeographic.com/ • news/2004/02/0224_040225_evolution.html • Casikar, V. (2010) Does Chewing Coca Leaves Influence Physiology at High Altitude? In Association of • Clinical Biochemists of India. Retrieved 4/18/2012. From • http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3001837/ • http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nazca_culture • http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/386887/Moche • http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_North_America
