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Key concepts. Invention & Discoveries Creative serendipitous difficult to predict Basic and applied scientific research Patents Technologies Theoretical and practical knowledge, skills, and artifacts to develop products, services, delivery systems, production Technology Innovations
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Key concepts • Invention & Discoveries • Creative serendipitous difficult to predict • Basic and applied scientific research • Patents • Technologies • Theoretical and practical knowledge, skills, and artifacts to develop products, services, delivery systems, production • Technology Innovations • Technical or commercial success • Technology process: combined activities leading to marketable products and services
Types of innovation • Incremental • Adaptation, refinement, enhancement of existing products, services, systems • Radical: new • Transformational • Architectural: reconfigurations of system of components • Innovation as a core business process
Technological entrepreneurship • Create new resource combinations: technical and commercial worlds in profitable way • Individual or corporate • Product-market • Technology portfolio • Technology forecasting
Inbound logistics Transportation Material handling Storage Communication Testing Information systems Basic Product Technology Materials Machine tool Material handling Packaging Maintenance Testing Building design Information sytems Technology value chain
Transportation tech. Material handling Packaging Communication Information system Media Technology Audio and video Communication Information system Diagnostic and testing Communication system Information technology
Innovative capabilities audit • How innovative has a firm been • Fit between innovation and strategy • Business strategy • Timing of market entry • Technological leadership or followership • Scope of innovativeness • Rate of innovativeness
Audit • Corporate level innovative capabilities • Scope and rate of development new products • New business development and R&D • Timing of entry
Variables • Resource availability • Knowledge capacity • Strategic management capacity
The concept of technology • The nature of knowledge • Fields • facets • Hierarchy • Characteristics • Array The concept of invention Patents The nature of innovation
The meaning of technology • Technological paradigm • Technological trajectory • Character of a technology • The structured application of scientific principles and practical knowledge to physical entities and systems
Scope of technology • Classification of technology • Universal decimal classification • Standard industrial classification • International patent classification • United kingdom patent classification • U S patent classification
Life cycle of a technology • Technology development • Technology application • Application launch • Application growth • Technological maturity • Degraded technology
Technology life cycle • Emerging technologies • Packing technologies • Key technologies • Base technologies
Technological Change • Technological change • Progress • Portfolio change • Invention • Patent profiles • Emerging new technologies • One which research has progressed far enough to indicate a high probability of technical success for new products and applications that might have substantial markets in 10 years.
Technological Change • Nature of technological process • Rate of innovation • Technological evolution • Technological trajectories and evaluation • Analysis of change • Scale of change • Discontinuities
Nature of technology diffusion • Mature technology • Technology diffusion • Entrained innovation • Diffusion between technologies • Uncertainty and complexity • Technology convergence • Computing and software engineering • Information processing • Opto-electronic • Radio engineering
Knowledge • Organizational learning • Organizational memory