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Nasser’s Opposition

Nasser’s Opposition. Treatment of Political Parties, Women, and Minorities. Muslim Brotherhood treatment. After the Muslim Brotherhood attempted to assassinate Nasser in 1954, 6 members were executed and thousands of others were arrested

phillip-whitfield
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Nasser’s Opposition

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  1. Nasser’s Opposition Treatment of Political Parties, Women, and Minorities

  2. Muslim Brotherhood treatment • After the Muslim Brotherhood attempted to assassinate Nasser in 1954, 6 members were executed and thousands of others were arrested • Some MB members were held in concentration camps, others went underground to reorganize

  3. Communist Party treatment • When the communist party was accused of leading a strike at a factory, Nasser had the army called in to crush it • While Nasser identified with socialist ideals, the communist ideology of workers uniting and overthrowing the upper class disturbed him

  4. Jewish Egyptians • Jews were often persecuted in Nasser’s Egypt, often confined to their homes without food, etc. • 1959 law stated all workers needed special identification—after your name came your religion, and Jewish workers were not recommended to hire • A large number of Jews tried to leave Egypt during Nasser’s reign, but they had limited relocation options

  5. Wafd Party • Previously very popular (led by Zaghlul, represented Egypt at the Paris Peace Conference, and re-installed by the British in 1942) • Outlawed by Nasser immediately after the 1952 Revolution

  6. Women under Nasser’s Reign • Gained the right to vote • Nasser tried to improve female literacy/gained education rights- state education was opened to women • Women were elected to government positions (well, just two, in 1957) • Legal rights and special protection for working women • Improvements were complicated by restrictions in Islam • 1962 National Charter stated that women were equal to men, granted access to Al-Azhar University, a religious institution • Nasser did NOT change discriminatory family laws

  7. Use of Propaganda • Used radio heavily (this helped since Egypt at its best still had a 50% literacy rate • Influenced novels and newspapers, plays and songs (two well known Arab singers wrote songs of praise for him) • Heavy censorship of media • Like most authoritarian leaders, used powerful emotional speeches to win people’s favor

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