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Changing the structure of resin-asphaltenes molecules in cracking

This research focuses on the extraction of the organic part from oil sands and studying the products of the cracking of natural bitumen. It analyzes the components of bitumen resin-asphaltene and aims to construct the molecular structure of macromolecular compounds. The research provides valuable insights for upgrading bitumen and improving the quality of oil sands.

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Changing the structure of resin-asphaltenes molecules in cracking

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  1. 5th World Congress on Petrochemistry and Chemical Engineering, Phoenix, USA Changing the structure of resin-asphaltenes molecules in cracking YerzhanImanbayev, YerdosOngarbayev, YerbolTileuberdi, ZulkhairMansurov Institute of Combustion Problems, Almaty, Kazakhstan Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty, Kazakhstan

  2. Outline of research • Extraction of the organic part from oil sands; • To study the products of the cracking of natural bitumen; • Analysis of bitumen resin-asphaltene components; • To construct the molecular structure of macromolecular compounds.

  3. Oil Sands in Kazakhstan 9th Largest Oil Reserves 15th Largest Crude Oil Producer Kazakhstan On the 3 territory of Western Kazakhstan identified and registered more than 100 deposits and occurrences of bituminous minerals. According to preliminary data at depths up to 120 m and occur 15-20 billion tons of oil sands. Bituminous minerals (oil sands) of Kazakhstan have fine sand and loamy mineral part. Oil sands are primarily located in Western Kazakhstan (Near Caspian Sea)

  4. Why Upgrade Bitumen? For the value of the bitumen to be increased so that it may compete with the conventional crude, it is absolutely necessary to increase the quality of the bitumen by upgrading. With the increase in production of bitumen, the market for syncrude will have to be increased, which requires investment by the producer in a heavy oil upgrader. Whether it is attractive to invest in an upgrader will be determined by the price differential between light and heavy crude. A steady price differential market will be required over the planning, design, and construction period, which typically takes several years.

  5. Extraction of natural bitumen from oil sands Oil sands Extraction with Chloroform Extracted Oil sands Natural Bitumen Precipitation of Asphaltene Asphaltenes Maltenes

  6. Physical and chemical characteristics of the natural bitumen from Beke field

  7. Experimental scheme of cracking process and analysis of the obtained products Temperature: 450 °C Time: 60 minute

  8. Initial Bitumen After Cracking

  9. Elemental Analysis of resin and asphaltene components MW – Molecular weights Da – Dalton or atomic mass unit

  10. DISCUSSIONS • At high temperatures within the molecular cyclization, recombination with benzyl and heterocyclic radicals, dehydrogenation, condensation – all these processes lead to an increase in the degree of condensation and aromaticity of system. • InitallyC/H ratio decreases fast due to de-alkylation and removal of Н2S and Н2O. • The net concentration of aromatics in liquid product kept going higher with removal of aliphatic as fragments in the gas fraction. Aromatic in liquid product can be created either from naphthenes or side chains in aromatic compounds of bitumen. The olefins from cracked side chains can build aromatics by free-radical additions followed by rearrangements

  11. Infrared Spectra of Resins Initial Resin’s Spectrum Ar-O C-O-C, C-OH C-O-C, C-OH Cracking Resin’s Spectrum

  12. Infrared Spectra of Asphaltenes Initial Asphaltene’s Spectrum 3 Ar C-S-C Cracking Asphaltene’s Spectrum

  13. CONCLUSION • Based on the results of the analysis of bitumen and cracking products above, it can be concluded that in the thermal cracking process, hydrocarbon generated free radicals which leads to formation light gases and coke products. • Several features of the reaction have led to the postulation that coke formation is triggered by the phase separation of asphaltene. • Challenges in modeling asphaltene compositions include matching elemental mass percentage of sulfur, mass percentage of carbon and the balance between aromatic and aliphatic carbon and hydrogen. From the results there are multiple polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons units containing 2-5 or more rings inside asphaltene molecules. Future Work: Estimation of catalysts and other additions to reactivity of bitumen

  14. Acknowledgments Institute of Combustion Problems Almaty, Kazakhstan Institute of Petroleum Chemistry Tomsk, Russia

  15. Thank You For Your Attention

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