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Designing and Evaluating DSS User Interfaces

Designing and Evaluating DSS User Interfaces. Why is the user interface the most important component of a DSS?. User Interface: An Overview. A set of menus, icons, commands, graphics Hardware and software Provides cues for desired actions by the user. A User Interface puzzle.

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Designing and Evaluating DSS User Interfaces

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  1. Designing and Evaluating DSS User Interfaces Why is the user interface the most important component of a DSS?

  2. User Interface: An Overview • A set of menus, icons, commands, graphics • Hardware and software • Provides cues for desired actions by the user A User Interface puzzle Designing and Evaluating DSS User Interfaces, D. J. Power

  3. User Interface: An Overview • A well-designed user interface can: • Increase human processing speed • Reduce errors • Increase productivity • Create a sense of user control Designing and Evaluating DSS User Interfaces, D. J. Power

  4. Issues Related to Building an Interface • User interface style • Is the style or combination of styles appropriate? What styles are used in the user interface? • Screen design and layout • Is the design easy to understand and attractive? Is the design symmetric and balanced?

  5. Issues Related to Building an Interface • The human-software interaction sequence • Is the interaction developed by the software logical and intuitive? Do people respond predictably to the interaction sequence? • Use of colors, lines and graphics • Are colors used appropriately? Do graphics improve the design or distract the user?

  6. Issues Related to Building an Interface • Information density • Is too much information presented on a screen? Can users control the information density? • Use of icons and symbols • Are icons understandable? • Choice of input and output devices • Do the devices fit the task?

  7. User Interface Input Styles • Command-line Interfaces • Menu Interfaces • Graphical User Interfaces • Question and Answer Interfaces • Voice, touch, immersive • Most DSS use a combination of styles Building Blocks Designing and Evaluating DSS User Interfaces, D. J. Power

  8. Command-Line a method of interacting with a computer via a text terminal. Commands are entered as typed characters from a keyboard and output is also received as text. The > carat is the command prompt. >RUN Analyzer >LOAD sales.dat >DISPLAY CHART Designing and Evaluating DSS User Interfaces, D. J. Power

  9. Menu a list of entries for the user to choose from Designing and Evaluating DSS User Interfaces, D. J. Power

  10. Graphical User Interface A graphical user interface or GUI (pronounced "gooey") use a mouse pointer to act on objects Designing and Evaluating DSS User Interfaces, D. J. Power

  11. Question and Answer A type of dialogue in which a computer displays questions, one at a time, for a user to answer. Designing and Evaluating DSS User Interfaces, D. J. Power

  12. Voice, touch, immersive • Voice Command Language • Natural language • Immersive 3D User Interface • A CAVE with four sides (three walls and a floor) is used as a display and interaction space. Designing and Evaluating DSS User Interfaces, D. J. Power

  13. ROMC Design Approach • Representations • Operations • Memory Aids • Control Aids Designing and Evaluating DSS User Interfaces, D. J. Power

  14. Innovative Representations Designing and Evaluating DSS User Interfaces, D. J. Power

  15. Operations • Operations are specific tasks that a decision-maker can perform with a DSS • For example, a DSS may have operators to gather data, generate a report, retrieve alternatives, rate alternatives, add alternatives, etc. • Analysts need to decide how operations will be controlled from the user interface. Will menus be used? Icons?

  16. Memory Aids • Support the use of representations and operations • Example: icon tips

  17. Control Aids • DSS control aids are intended to help decision-makers use representations, operations and memory aids • Control aids help decision-makers direct the use of the DSS • Generic control aids • Save, edit, undo, and delete

  18. Building the DSS User Interface • Get started - identify the user, brainstorm capabilities • Design screens and respond quickly to feedback • Pay attention to the interaction -- try it, analyze it, simplify it, change it, try it ... Designing and Evaluating DSS User Interfaces, D. J. Power

  19. Design Elements • Graphics are useful - communicate one main idea • Color enhances the interface • Symmetry -- balanced proportions, beauty of form • Provide guidance to users Designing and Evaluating DSS User Interfaces, D. J. Power

  20. Guidelines • Strive for consistency • Provide informative feedback • Design dialogs to create closure • Permit easy reversal of actions • Reduce information overload Designing and Evaluating DSS User Interfaces, D. J. Power

  21. Factors influencing design success • DSS speed • Versatility of DSS -- multiple tasks • Quality of on-line help • Adaptability of the DSS • Uniformity of interface • Learning time • Ease of recall • Fun The design of user interface software is not only expensive and time-consuming, but it is also critical for effective system performance. Designing and Evaluating DSS User Interfaces, D. J. Power

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