Contents

1. Volcanic Ash Crisis 2010 - SeminarBelgrade, September 7th, 2010Use of Unmanned Aerial Systems (UAS) to support the predictability of future environmental crisisDipl.-Ing. Ružica Vujasinović (DLR, Institute of Flight Guidance)Dipl.-Phys. Mirsad Delić (DLR, Institute of Flight Guidance)

2. Contents Who is DLR? About DLR Institute of Flight Guidance What is COST? COST ES 0802: UAS in Atmospheric Research Why are UAS a suitable means?

3. DLR – German Aerospace Center Research Institution: Aeronautics Space Transport Energy Space Agency Project Management Agency Hamburgn nNeustrelitz Bremenn nTrauen Berlinn Braunschweign nDortmund nGoettingen nKöln nBonn Lampoldshausenn Stuttgartn nOberpfaffenhofen Weilheimn DLR operates large-scale research facilities for the centre’s own projects and as a service provider for clients and partners Approximately 6500 people work for DLR; the centre has 29 institutes in Germany as well as Offices in Brussels, Paris and Washington D.C.

4. Goals and Strategies of the Aeronautics Research Area Primary goals • Further development of civilian transport systems from the perspectives of efficiency/economy, safety and environmental compatibility • Technological contributions towards assuring the capability profile of the German armed forces Focal areas of research at DLR Braunschweig • Improvement of the dynamic aircraft behaviour and the operational safety of aircraft and helicopters • Increase in the performance, safety and reliability of air, road and railway traffic • Intelligent assistance systems for human operators of airborne and ground transportation systems • Development of design principles and tools for low-drag and quiet air vehicles • Development and realisation of adaptable, damage-tolerant and cost-efficient high-performance structures for aerospace and ground transportation application

5. COST is an intergovernmental framework for European Cooperation in Science and Technology; COST contributes to reducing the fragmentation in European research investments and opening the European Research Area to cooperation worldwide • In total, there are 36 COST Countries: • 35 member states: Austria, Belgium, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Macedonia, Malta, The Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey, United Kingdom • One cooperating state: Israel • Unmanned systems offer cost-efficient data acquisition options in regions that are hard to reach or too dangerous for manned operation (e.g. polar regions, Off-shore wind parks, active volcanoes, dangerous pollution events)

6. COST ES0802 • Coordination of ongoing and conception of future research on development and application of UAS to provide cost-efficient, trans-boundary method for the monitoring of the atmospheric boundary layer and the underlying surface of Earth • Creation of a knowledge base of existing UAS and suitable sensors and onboard logging systems to avoid unnecessary multiple inquiry and development • DLR participates in WG4 (UAS Operations) represented by the

7. How does the Institute of Flight Guidance fit in? • The Institute of Flight Guidance does not conduct atmospheric research • But, the Institute of Flight Guidance • Conducts applied research in the Air Traffic Management area • Designs concepts, processes, procedures and tools • Develops adequate prototypes and evaluates internal and external products • Airborne: UA-Simulation, Pilot Assistance, Sensor Evaluation • Ground: System Control, UA Guidance, Image Processing, Sensor Simulation • Conception, development, validation and verification of systems needed for operating UAS in non-segregated airspace

8. PHASE III WASLA-HALE Safety Layers in Civil Airspace • German UA Demonstrator Program WASLA-HALE • PHASE I+II

9. UAS IntegrationExample: Detect & Avoid integration in WASLA-HALE

10. Detect & Avoid Programs • WASLA-HALE, German UA Demonstrator Program • Mid-air Collision Avoidance System (MidCAS) - European successor program • Five member states (France, Germany, Italy, Spain and Sweden) • Objective: Demonstrate the technology for a detect and avoid system for UAS to fulfil requirements for traffic separation and collision avoidance in non-segregated airspace

11. Example mission for a UA in Atmospheric Research Takeoff and landing at the same airport Flight in high altitude (> FL400) to mission area (atmospheric disorder) Loiter at mission area to collect sensor data, duration up to four days Real-Time analysis of collected sensor data is send to GCS for further evaluation

12. Properties of suitable UA for atmospheric research Example Boeing “Phantom-Eye” • Wingspan: 150ft (46m) • Service ceiling: 65.000ft (~20km) • Cruise speed: 150kts • Payload: ~200kg • Endurance: more than four days (larger version up to ten days in development) • Propulsion: two 2.3 litre motor vehicle engines with 150hp each (1) Picture of NASA “GlobalHawk Atmospheric Research UA” - Property of NASA (2) Picture of Boeing „Phantom Eye“ - Property of Boeing

13. UA Ground Control Station Consists of several modules: • Flight Planning - Mission • Flight Control • Payload control: • Fusion, evaluation, analysis and interpretation of incoming sensor data • Immediate availability of respective results • Surveillance of sensor performance Picture of future GCS - Property of Raytheon

14. Thank you. Any questions?