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WRF 4D-Var System

WRF 4D-Var System. Xiang-Yu Huang, Xin Zhang Qingnong Xiao, Zaizhong Ma, John Michalakes, Tom henderson and Wei Huang MMM Division National Center for Atmospheric Research Boulder, Colorado, USA. Contents. Current status of WRF 4D-Var Scientific Performance of WRF 4D-Var

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WRF 4D-Var System

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  1. WRF 4D-Var System Xiang-Yu Huang, Xin Zhang Qingnong Xiao, Zaizhong Ma, John Michalakes, Tom henderson and Wei Huang MMM Division National Center for Atmospheric Research Boulder, Colorado, USA

  2. Contents • Current status of WRF 4D-Var • Scientific Performance of WRF 4D-Var • Software Engineering Performance of WRF 4D-Var • On-going Works

  3. 4D Variational Data Assimilation x (new) (initial condition for NWP) (old forecast)

  4. Current Status of WRF 4D-Var Black – WRF-3DVar [B, R, U=B1/2, vn=U-1(xn-xn-1)] Green – modification required Blue – existing (for 4DVar)--WRF Red – new development n-1 K S S J' vn= vn + vi + UTSV-WTMkTSW-VTHkTR-1[HkSW-VMkSV-WU-1 vn + Hk(Mk(xn-1)) – yk] k=1 i=1 WRF TL WRF AD ARW WRF (Huang, et.al. 2006: Preliminary results of WRF 4D-Var. WRF users’ workshop, Boulder, Colorado.)

  5. Basic system: 3 exes, disk I/O, parallel, full dyn, simple phys, JcDF

  6. Single Observation Experiments

  7. Multi-incremental 4D-Var (Adopted from The Operational Data Assimilation System, Lars Isaksen, ECMWF)

  8. Haitang case Outerloop 15km, 271x217x17, time step: 90s Innerloops 45km, 91x73x17, time step: 240s 135km, 31x25x17, time step :600s

  9. V V V V U X U X U X UXU V V V V U X U X U X UXU V V V V U X U X U X U X U V V V V UX UX UX UXU V V V V Convert WRF-Var on A-grid to WRF on C-grid (By Rizvi)

  10. What is needed for C-Grid? • Observation operators, its tangent linear and adjoint • Computation of innovations • Computation of gradients • PSI-CHI to UV solver and its adjoint • Tackle Halo region for MPI run

  11. Analysis difference (A2C - trunk)Only GPSPW Obs. CONUS 200 KM T8 15 KM Date: 2007010200 Date: 2007081900

  12. Scientific Performance of WRF 4D-Var Typhoon Haitang experiments: 5 experiments, every 6 h, 00Z 16 July - 00 Z 18 July, 2005. Typhoon Haitang hit Taiwan 00Z 18 July 2005 • FGS – forecast from the background [The background fields are 6-h WRF forecasts from NCEP GFS analysis.] • AVN – forecast from the NCEP GFS analysis • 3DVAR – forecast from WRF 3D-Var • FGAT – first guess at appropriate time ( A option of WRF-3DVAR) • 4DVAR – forecast from WRF 4D-Var Domain size: 91x73x17 Resolution: 45 km Time Window: 6 Hours, Observations: GTS conventional observations, bogus data from CWB

  13. Typhoon Haitang Verification 48-h forecast typhoon tracks from FGS, AVN, 3DVAR, FGAT, 4DVAR, together with the observed best track. Forecasts are all started from 0000 UTC 16 July 2005.

  14. KMA Heavy Rain Case • Period: 12 UTC 4 May - 00 UTC 9 May, 2006 • Grid: (60,54,31) • Resolution : 30km • Domain size: the same as the operational 10km do-main. • Assimilation window: 6 hours • Warm started cycling run

  15. Precipitation Verification

  16. T8 domain case study Period:2007081500-2007082100 Size: 123x111x27 Resolution: 45km Experiment design: 3/6 hours GFS forecast as FG 1. 3DVAR 2. 4DVAR cycling run, 24h forecast after analysis Observations used: sound sonde_sfc synop geoamv airep pilot ships qscat gpspw gpsref

  17. Track and Intensity Forecast 3D-Var 4D-Var

  18. The radar data assimilation experiment using WRF 4D-VarYong-Run Guo and Jenny Sun TRUTH ----- Initial condition from TRUTH (13-h forecast initialized at 2002061212Z from AWIPS 3-h analysis) run cutted by ndown, boundary condition from NCEP GFS data. GFS ----- Both initial condition and boundary condition from NCEP GFS data. 3DVAR ----- 3DVAR analysis at 2002061301Z used as the initial condition, and boundary condition from NCEP GFS. Only Radar radial velocity at 2002061301Z assimilated (total # of data points = 65,195). 4DVAR ----- 4DVAR analysis at 2002061301Z used as initial condition, and boundary condition from NCEP GFS. The radar radial velocity at 4 times: 200206130100, 05, 10, and 15, are assimilated (total # of data points = 262,445).

  19. TRUTH GFS 4DVAR 3DVAR Hourly precipitation ending at 03-h forecast

  20. GFS 3DVAR 4DVAR Hourly precipitation ending at 06-h forecast TRUTH

  21. Real data experiments

  22. For general cases, the performance of WRF 4D-Var is comparable with WRF 3D-Var. • For some fast developing, fine scale cases such as squall line, tropical cyclone, heavy rainfall case , WRF 4D-Var does a much better job than 3D-Var.

  23. Software Engineering Performance of WRF 4D-Var • Ability to assimilation all kinds of observation as 3D-Var (Radiance and Radar). • Both serial and parallel runs are supported. • Tested Platforms: IBM with XLF, Linux with PGI ,INTEL & G95, Mac G5 with G95 & XLF. • Multi-incremental 4D-Var. • Flexible assimilation time window (for example, 15 minutes ~ 6 hours)

  24. Preliminary Disk IO Optimization-Case StudyTrade memory for Disk IO in 4D-Var Domain size:151x118x31 Resolution:4km Time-step: 25s Time window:15m # of iterations: 60 Obs.: OSSE radar wind # of obs.: 262517 In this case, 82% disk IO was replaced by memory IO

  25. On-going Works • Remove Disk IO which is used as communication among WRF 4D-Var components, ESMF is a candidate.(~50% wall-clock time reduction, improve parallel scalability) • Cleanup solve_em_ad (~90% cost), trade re-computation with memory (another ~50% wall-clock time reduction).

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