Becky Gomez #0197933 March 3,2013

1. EDTC 3320 Instructional Design Project 2 Learning Theories PresentationsProfessor Matthew Crosslin Becky Gomez #0197933 March 3,2013

2. Introduction • This PowerPoint presentation is about : • Benjamin Bloom and his Taxonomy Cognitive domain theory • B.F. Skinner and his Operant conditioning theory

3. Benjamin Bloom Cognitive domain

4. Benjamin Bloom • Benjamin Samuel Bloom ( February 21,1913- September 13, 1999) • Was an American educational psychologist • He contributed in the classifications of educational objectives and theory of mastery-learning. • He received a bachelor’s and master’s degree from Penn state university in 1935 • A Ph.D. in Education from the University of Chicago in March 1942

5. B. Bloom Contributions • Blooms major contributions was • Mastery Learning • Talent development • Taxonomy of Educational Objectives in the cognitive domain.

6. B. Bloom Taxonomy of Cognitive Domain • Bloom’s Taxonomy of Cognitive Domain is part of Bloom’s Taxonomy of Educational Objectives • The three “Domain” are Affective, Psychomotor, and Cognitive • Bloom’s intention was to give educator a motivational push, in order to create a more complete form of education

7. B. Bloom’s Taxonomy • This taxonomy describes six levels: • Knowledge Remembering previously learned material. • Comprehension Understanding of new material. • Application ability to apply learned material in new and concrete material. • Analysis ability to break down material into its various components in order to understand the organizational structure of the material. • Synthesis ability to create something new from various parts • Evaluation ability to judge the value or worth of material for a given purpose.

8. Bloom’s Taxonomy Learning in action chart

9. B.F SkinnerBehaviorist

10. B.F. Skinner • B.F. Skinner (March 20 1904 – August 18,1990) • Skinner decided to become a writer after attending Hamilton College. • He received his BA in English Literature in 1926 from Harvard University • Received his Ph.D. from Harvard in 1931

11. Skinner’s Contributions • Author that published close to 200 articles and more then 20 books. • He was identified as the most influential 20th-century psychologist. • Select Publications by B.F. Skinner • Skinner, B. F. (1935) Two types of conditioned reflex and a pseudo typeJournal of General Psychology, 12, 66-77. • Skinner, B. F. (1938) 'Superstition’ in the pigeonJournal of Experimental Psychology, 38, 168-172. • Skinner, B. F. (1950) Are theories of learning necessary?Psychological Review, 57, 193-216. • Skinner, B. F. (1971) Beyond Freedom and Dignity • Skinner, B. F. (1989) The Origins of Cognitive ThoughtRecent Issues in the Analysis of Behavior, Merrill Publishing Company. • Received many awards. • Awards: • 1966 Edward Lee Thorndike Award, American Psychological Association • 1968 - National Medal of Science from President Lyndon B. Johnson • 1971 - Gold Medal of the American Psychological Foundation • 1972 - Human of the Year Award • 1990 - Citation for Outstanding Lifetime Contribution to Psychology

12. Skinner’s operant conditioning theory • Operant conditioning means changing of behavior by the use of reinforcement which is given after the desire response. • Skinner states three types of responses • • Neutral operants: responses from the environment that neither increase nor decrease the probability of a behavior being repeated. • • Reinforcers: Responses from the environment that increase the probability of a behavior being repeated. Reinforcers can be either positive or negative. • • Punishers: Response from the environment that decrease the likelihood of a behavior being repeated. Punishment weakens behavior.

13. Impact of Blooms Taxonomy on Training • Learning objectives • Follow the 6 levels of Bloom’s taxonomy • Objectives are very important in helping guide a training/ or lesson plan.

14. Impact on Operant Conditioning on training • Students will be rewarded for participation in class or for simply turning in homework on time. • On the other hand students can be punished for not turning in homework on time or participating in class.

15. Summary • Skinner’s Operant Conditioning theory is great for educators to motivate their students. • For example I had a teacher in the 3rd grade that would give up Hershey kisses for right answer we would give in class. Plus we would get an extra kiss for class participation. • Bloom’s Taxonomy theory is also good for educators but I think more for college base students • For example in my case if I apply the 6 levels of taxonomy I would be motivating myself to keep using the 6 levels cause I will be understanding the lessons more.

16. Work cited • http://www.newworldencyclopedia.org/entry/Benjamin_Bloom Retrieved Sept. 13,2007 Benjamin Bloom • Brown, A, & Green, T (2006). The Essentials of Instructional Design, Upper Saddle River, NJ; PEARSON • Brief Biography of B.F. Skinner by Julie S. Vargas 2005. http://www.bfskinner.org/bfskinner/AboutSkinner.html • B.F. Skinner Biography By Kendra Cherry http://psychology.about.com/od/profilesofmajorthinkers/p/bio_skinner.htm • McLeod, S. A. (2007). B.F. Skinner | Operant Conditioning.Retrieved from http://www.simplypsychology.org/operant-conditioning.html - See more at: http://www.simplypsychology.org/operant-conditioning.html#sthash.9aA4TCNI.dpuf