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螳螂目 (Mantedea)

螳螂目 (Mantedea). Introduction. About 2300 described species in about 430 genera 属 . mantis: soothsayer 占卜者 or prophet 预言者. Characteristics . Front legs spined 有刺 and modified for grasping and holding prey 捕食 . Prothorax 前胸 and procoxae prolonged; middle and hind coxae shorter.

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螳螂目 (Mantedea)

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  1. 螳螂目(Mantedea)

  2. Introduction • About 2300 described species in about 430 genera属. • mantis: soothsayer 占卜者or prophet预言者

  3. Characteristics • Front legs spined 有刺and modified for grasping and holding prey捕食. • Prothorax 前胸and procoxae prolonged; middle and hind coxae shorter. • Tarsi跗骨5 segmented. • Head in frontal view triangular. • Antennae short, filiform丝状. • Similar looking phasmids and hemipterans lack the head shape, mouthparts口器, and prothoracic characters that distinguish the mantids. • Mantodea species range from 1 cm long (Mantoida tenuis) to over 17 cm long (Ischnomantis gigas ）

  4. Adults: • Filiform antennae • Head triangular with well-developed compound eyes • Mouthparts mandibulate, hypognathous 下口式 • Prothorax elongate with large, spiny front legs adapted for catching prey • Front wings thickened, more slender than hind wings • Tarsi 5-segmented • Cerci short, multi-segmented

  5. Immatures: • Structurally similar to adults • Developing wingpads often visible on thorax

  6. Distribution • Worldwide the order Mantodea has about 2000 species in 8 families. The 20 North American species are all in the family Mantidae. • North American Mantodea usually live from spring to late autumn with eggs overwintering. Tropical 热带species of Mantodea may live longer.

  7. Food Mantids are predaceous捕食的, typically feeding on insects and other arthropods节肢动物, and can be highly cannibalistic. Large mantids have also been known to prey on small birds, lizards蜥蜴, and amphibians 两栖类

  8. Life Cycle Mantises go through incomplete metamorphosis变形, generally molting蜕皮 seven or more times prior to reaching maturity. Eggs are laid during the autumn in a foamy泡沫的structure forming an ootheca卵鞘 (egg case), which hatch en masse全体的 in the spring.

  9. Major Families • 怪螳科 Amorphoscelidae • 螳螂科 Mantidae • 缺爪螳科 Chaeteessidae • 金螳科 Metallyticidae • 类螳科 Mantoididae | • 方额螳螂科 Eremiaphilidae • 花螳科 Hymenopodidae • 锥头螳科 Empusidae • 乳螳科 Phyllotheliidae

  10. http://www.cals.ncsu.edu/course/ent425/compendium/mantids.htmlhttp://www.cals.ncsu.edu/course/ent425/compendium/mantids.html http://tolweb.org/Mantodea http://bugguide.net/node/view/176 http://eny3005.ifas.ufl.edu/lab1/Orthopteroid/Mantodea.htm http://insects.about.com/od/roachesandmantids/p/mantodea.htm

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