Chapter 3

1. Chapter 3 Norton Media Library Give Me Liberty! An American History Second EditionVolume 1 by Eric Foner

2. I. Introduction • Social turmoil of late seventeenth-century North America • Illustration: King Philip’s War • Indian attacks on Southern New England colonial settlements • Defeat of Indian rebellion • Devastation of Southern New England Indians

3. II. Expansion of England’s empire • Mercantilism • Principles • Adoption by England • Place of North America in

4. Expansion of England’s empire (cont’d) • New York • Origins • Growth and significance • Military • Commercial • Population • Status of inhabitants • Religious groups • Ethnic groups • Women • Blacks • Landed elite • Iroquois Confederacy • Charter of Liberties and Privileges

5. Expansion of England’s empire (cont’d) • Carolina • Origins • Relations with Indians • Lures for settlers • Introduction of plantation slavery • Pennsylvania • Origins • William Penn • Quaker principles • Relations with Indians • Lures for settlers • Growth

6. Origins of American slavery • Reasons for rise of black slavery in British colonies • Growing demand for plantation labor • Practical advantages over other alternatives • English cultural perceptions • Of “alien peoples” in general • Of Africans in particular • Slavery in world history • Slavery in the West Indies • Rapid rise during seventeenth century • Centrality of sugar production

7. Origins of American slavery (cont’d) • Rise of Chesapeake slavery • Early decades • Predominance of servants from England • Ambiguities of lines between black and white, slavery and freedom • In custom • In law • Mid-seventeenth century • Gradual divergence in status of blacks and whites • Growing practice of slavery

8. Origins of American slavery (cont’d) • Rise of Chesapeake slavery • Bacon’s Rebellion • Background • Governor William Berkeley’s favoritism toward wealthy planters • Diminishing prospects, rising hardships of small farmers • Berkeley’s restraints on white settlement • Narrative • Frontier attacks on Indians • Mobilization of diverse rebels by Nathaniel Bacon • Grievances and objectives • Burning of Jamestown • Attacks on governor’s supporters • Suppression of rebellion

9. Origins of American slavery (cont’d) • Rise of Chesapeake slavery • Bacon’s Rebellion • Long-term consequences • Expanded freedoms and opportunities for white Virginians • Accelerated shift from white indentured servitude to black slavery • Early eighteenth century • Legal codification of slavery, white supremacy • Consolidation of slavery as basis of Virginia economy • Slave resistance

10. Colonies in crises • The Glorious Revolution and repercussions for colonial America • The Glorious Revolution in England • Establishment of Parliamentary supremacy • Entrenchment of Protestant succession to throne • Affirmation of English rights and liberties • Reassertion of colonial autonomy; new charters • Abolition of Dominion of New England; restoration of New England colonial governments • Maryland • New York • Massachusetts

11. Colonies in crises (cont’d) • Witchcraft in New England • Seventeenth-century belief in supernatural • Generally around Europe and America • Among Puritans • Customary conceptions and treatment of “witches” • Salem witch trials • Mounting hysteria • Accusations, trials, and punishment • Ebbing of hysteria • Discrediting of witch-hunting; growing commitment to scientific explanation

12. Trends in eighteenth-century colonial America • Population growth • 1. Remarkable pace • 2. Causes • Increasing diversity of population • Higher rate of non-English to English arrivals • Efforts by London to stem outflow of skilled English • Efforts by London to encourage settlement by others • Africans • English convicts • Scots and Scots-Irish • Germans

13. Trends in eighteenth-century colonial America (cont’d) • Lures to settlement • 1. Religious diversity • 2. Availability of land • 3. Demand for skills • 4. Other freedoms and opportunities • Indians and the colonies • 1. Place in imperial system as traders, consumers, military allies • 2. Growing conflict with backcountry settlers • Patterns of agriculture • 1. New England • 2. Backcountry • 3. Middle Colonies

14. Trends in eighteenth-century colonial America (cont’d) • Place of colonies in consumer revolution • As producer of goods • As consumer of goods • Colonial cities • Growth • Functions • Financial • Commercial • Cultural • Merchants • Artisans

15. Social classes in the colonies • Elites • Rising dominance • Regional variants • Mercantile elite of New England and Middle Colonies • Planter elite of Chesapeake and Lower South • Means of social and political hegemony • “Anglicization” • Aristocratic lifestyle • Hierarchical worldview

16. VI. Social classes in the colonies (cont’d) • The poor • Spread of poverty • Slaves • Landless tenants and wage earners • Attitudes and policies toward the poor • Image as responsible for own poverty • Workhouses • Apprenticeship • “Warning out” of and expulsion from communities • Middling ranks • Predominance of • Basis in land ownership • Gender divisions of labor

17. http://www.wwnorton.com/foner Studyspace link

18. End slide This concludes the Norton Media Library Slide Set for Chapter 3 Give Me Liberty! An American History 2nd Edition, Volume 1 by Eric Foner W. W. Norton & CompanyIndependent and Employee-Owned