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MODULE A - 2

MODULE A - 2. DECIMALS AND ORDER OF OPERATION. OBJECTIVES. At the end of this module, the student will be able to… List the rules for working with decimals.

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MODULE A - 2

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  1. MODULE A - 2 DECIMALS AND ORDER OF OPERATION

  2. OBJECTIVES • At the end of this module, the student will be able to… • List the rules for working with decimals. • Given a mathematical problem involving decimals, add, subtract, multiply or divide decimals with and without a calculator and derive the correct answer. • List the rules for order of operation when performing calculations. • Given a mathematical problem, determine the proper order of operation for problems containing addition, subtraction, multiplication and division with and without a calculator and derive the correct answer.

  3. Decimals THE RULES: Addition Subtraction Multiplication Division

  4. ADDITION • When working without a calculator • Line up the decimals • Round to the appropriate number of decimal places • Add: 43.45 43.45 10.311 10.31 +0.25 +0.25 54.011 54.01 = 54.0 • Round to the correct number of places

  5. 23.45 + 1.9283 = 765.987 + 0.38475 = PRACTICE

  6. SUBTRACTION • When working without a calculator • Line up the decimals • Round to the appropriate number of decimal places • Subtract: 198.24 198.24 - 40.015 - 40.02 158.235 158.22 = 158

  7. 7.23 – 2.394 = 9253.9 – 50.301 = PRACTICE

  8. MULTIPLICATION • Multiply the numbers as if they are whole numbers without decimals. • Count the number of decimal places in the original numbers. • That total will be the number of decimal places in the answer. 50.6 x 0.002 (4 places) = 506 x 2 = 1012 = .1012 (4 places)

  9. 98.7 X 0.005 = 0.23 x 1000 = PRACTICE

  10. DIVISION Top Numberis theNumerator Bottom Number is theDenominator • Make the denominator a whole number by moving the decimal place to the right. • Move the decimal in the numerator to the right by the same amount. • Divide.

  11. PRACTICE 0.686.8(moved 1 places) = 3.4 34 (moved 1 places) -------------------------------------------------------

  12. 1500 0.5 0.75 0.0025 PRACTICE

  13. TIME FOR PRACTICE See practice assignment

  14. Order of OperationThree Rules • First Rule: • Order - Multiplication & Division from left to right • Second Rule: • Order - Addition & Subtraction from left to right 12 x 6 – 2 = (12 x 6) – 2 = 72 – 2 = 70

  15. PEMDAS - "Please Excuse My Dear Aunt Sally" http://regentsprep.org/regents/math/orderop/Lorder.htm

  16. Practice • What will you do first? • 70 x 4 – 40 = ______ • 850 x 2 x 30 = ______ • 50 + 10 / 2 = ______ • 27 + 25 / 5 = ______ • 945 – 9 x 5 = ______

  17. Order of Operation • Third Rule: • Simplification - Work inside outside • Parenthesis ( ) • Brackets [ ] • Braces { } 194 – {[20 x (9-5)] + 14} =

  18. Clinical Example • The Alveolar Air Equation – pressure of O2 in the alveoli • PAO2 = FIO2 (PBaro – PH2O) – PACO2[FIO2 + (1-FIO2)] R • PAO2 = 0.5 (760 – 47) – 40 [0.5 + (1 – 0.5 )] 0.8 • Parentheses: PAO2 = 0.5 (713) – 40 [0.5 + (0.625)] • Brackets: PAO2 = 0.5(713) – 40 [1.125] • Multiply left to right: PAO2 = 357 – 45 • Subtract left to right: PAO2 = 312 mm Hg

  19. PRACTICE • 100 – {[10 x (6 - 5)] + 25} = ______ • 1289 – {[120 x (23 – 13)] + 4} = ______ • 82 – [34 x (33 – 11)] + 76 = ______

  20. ASSIGNMENTS • Self-Assessment: • Decimals • Order of Operation • Answers will be posted on website

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