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ADOPTION AND INTERNATIONAL ADOPTION IN THE CZECH REPUBLIC

ADOPTION AND INTERNATIONAL ADOPTION IN THE CZECH REPUBLIC. THE CONTENTS OF THE PRESENTATION. SOME INFORMATION ABOUT THE CZECH REPUBLIC SOME INFORMATION ABOUT CZECH LEGAL ORDER RELEVANT CURRENT STATISTICAL DATA ADOPTION OF MINORS: CONCEPT LAW IN BOOKS LAW IN ACTION

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ADOPTION AND INTERNATIONAL ADOPTION IN THE CZECH REPUBLIC

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  1. ADOPTION AND INTERNATIONAL ADOPTION IN THE CZECH REPUBLIC BRAZIL 2014 - Zdeňka Králíčková

  2. THE CONTENTS OF THE PRESENTATION • SOME INFORMATION ABOUT THE CZECH REPUBLIC • SOME INFORMATION ABOUT CZECH LEGAL ORDER • RELEVANT CURRENT STATISTICAL DATA • ADOPTION OF MINORS: CONCEPT • LAW IN BOOKS • LAW IN ACTION • INTERNATIONAL (intercountry) ADOPTION OF MINORS • LAW IN BOOKS • LAW IN ACTION • CONCLUSION BRAZIL 2014 - Zdeňka Králíčková

  3. 1. THE CZEH REPUBLIC • MAIN TURNING-POINTS • - theCzechoslovak Republic • (since 1918) • thesecond wordwar • (1939 -1945) • thecommunist take-over • (in 1948) • thecollapse of communism • (in 1989) • the Czech Republic • (since 1993) • theaccession to the European • Union • (in 2004) BRAZIL 2014 - Zdeňka Králíčková

  4. 2. SOME INFORMATION ABOUTCZECH LEGAL ORDER • Austrian Civil Code - ABGB (1918) • bothminorsand aduls • „contract“ • non full • Act on FamilyLaw (1949) • onlyadoptionofminorsbecauseofpoliticalreasons • Act on theFamily (1963) • full adoptionofminors • after1989 • humanrightconventions • ConventionforProtectionofHumanRights and FundamentaFreedoms (CE) • Convention on theRightsoftheChild (UN) • Convention on Protection pf Children and Co-operation in RespectofIntercountryAdoption (Hague) • EuropeanConvention on theAdoptionofChildren (CE) • amendment to theAct on theFamily(1998) • betterprotectionofmother, putativefather, familyoforigin • theChildrenAct (1999) • betterprotectionofthechild • Civil Code(2014) • newconceptionaccordingto therevisedEuropeanConvention on theAdoptionofChildren (CE) BRAZIL 2014 - Zdeňka Králíčková

  5. Thepopulationofthe Czech Republic was 10 517 408 at 31 March 2014. 3. RELEVANT CURRENT STATISTICAL DATA The population of the Czech Republic was 10 517 408 at 31 March 2014. BRAZIL 2014 - Zdeňka Králíčková

  6. 4. ADOPTION OF MINORS - LAW IN BOOKS CONCEPT A) NON EXISTING OR NON FUNCTIONING NATURAL FAMILY B) ADOPTABLE CHILD C) CONSENT BY PARENTS OR THEIR NON-INTEREST D) CONSENT BY CHILD E) THE BEST INTEREST OF THE CHILD F) THE EXISTENCE OF PROSPECTIVE ADOPTERS G) MATCHING BY THE STATE H) OBLIGATORY PRE-ADOPTION CARE CH) THE MOTION AND THE COURT DECISION - STATUS BRAZIL 2014 - Zdeňka Králíčková

  7. ADOPTABLE CHILD • REAL ORPHAN • DEAD PARENTS • NO FAMILY AT ALL • BABY- BOX (de facto, since 2005: cca 100 children) • SOCIAL ORPHAN • CONSENT OF THE PARENTS • NON-INTEREST OF THE PARENTS • PARENTS WERE DEPRIVED OF PARENTAL RESPONSIBILITY AND OF THE RIGHT TO GIVE A CONSENT BRAZIL 2014 - Zdeňka Králíčková

  8. RULES „Adoption requires the consent of the child's parents.“ mother: 6 weeksfromdelivery father: anytimeafterdelivery atthecourt personally optionofconsentwithrawal: 3 months expiry: after 6 years DIRECT parentsknowfutureadopters parenst„meets“ futureadoptersatcourt NON DIRECT towardsunknown adopters intermediationby thestate: matching parentswill not „meet“ futureadoptersatcourt THE INFORMED CONSENT OF THE PARENT BRAZIL 2014 - Zdeňka Králíčková

  9. APARENT NON INTEREST LEGAL PRESUMPTION 3 MONTHS SINCE INSTRUCTION, ADVICE AND ASSISTANCE (SOCIAL WORK) SPECIAL COURT PROCEEDING „ON ADOPTABILITY“ „Proceedings, whethertherewillbetheconsentoftheparentsnecessary“ EFFECTS: thechildisadoptable (not legally free) thematching and adoptionprocessmay start NON INTEREST OF THE PARENTS BRAZIL 2014 - Zdeňka Králíčková

  10. THE RIGHTS OF PUTATIVE FATHER Since 1998 „If paternity could not be determined pursuant to the legalpresumptions, the child, the mother and the man claiming to be the father may request that the court determine paternity.“ „The child cannot be adopted until the court's ruling on the paternity suit filed by a man who claims to be the father of the adopted child takes effect.“ • inspiration by the case Keeganv. Irelanddecided by the ECHR - thechildwasbornoutofmarriage, but therewasinformal long lastingrelationship - motherleftthefather and gavethechildforadoption violationof Art. 8 ConventionfortheProtectionofHuman Rights and FundamentalFreedoms BRAZIL 2014 - Zdeňka Králíčková

  11. ADOPTEE over 12 years: alwaysconsent theright to revoke under 12 years: view if not possible (a baby): theright to beinformedlater – basic school THE MINOR PARENT over16 years THE INFORMED CONSENT OF THE CHILD BRAZIL 2014 - Zdeňka Králíčková

  12. THE EXISTENCE OF RIGHT PROSPECTIVE ADOPTERS • highmoralquality • full capacity to legalacts • goodhealthconditions • adequateagedifference (min. 16 years) • wellmotivated and prepared • non closerelatives (exception: surrogation) • ifcouple, onlyhusband and wife (different sex), spouseofadopter, oneofspouses, one person BRAZIL 2014 - Zdeňka Králíčková

  13. LAW IN ACTION: MATCHING PROCESS BRAZIL 2014 - Zdeňka Králíčková

  14. OBLIGATORY PRE-ADOPTION CARE • DECISION: THE COURT • AIM: TO CREATE FAMILY TIES • AT LEAST 6 MONTHS • ON THE OWN COSTS OF FUTURE ADOPTERS AS MAINTENANCE DUTY OF THE PARENTS IS SUSPENDED • THE GUARDIAN IS APPOINTED AS EXCERCISE OF PARENTAL RESPONSIBILITY IS SUSPENDED BRAZIL 2014 - Zdeňka Králíčková

  15. THE COURT PROCEEDINGS ON ADOPTION • ON THE MOTION OF FUTURE ADOPTERS • PARTIES: • parents, whogiveconsent • thechild • adoptiveparents, oneofcouple and his/her spouse • personalpresens - hearing • constitutivedecision BRAZIL 2014 - Zdeňka Králíčková

  16. EFFECTS OF ADOPTION OF MINORS FULL ADOPTION - status change - importantforeverybody Civil Code • ties to natural familycease to exist • theriseofnewtiestowardsfamilyofadopter • thechangeofchild´ssurname– possiblity to have 2 surnames vitalregister►newdocuments Act on registers, name and surname • theadoptersmaychooseoraddnewname to thechild Act on statecitizenship • thechildbecomes a citizenofthe Czech Republic BRAZIL 2014 - Zdeňka Králíčková

  17. REVOCATION OF ADOPTION • IMPORTANT REASONS • MOTION OF THE CHILD OR THE ADOPTIVE PARENTS • THE COURT DECISION • ONLY WITHIN 3 YEARS !!!! EFFECTS: • „COMEBACK“ TO NATURAL FAMILY • CHANGE OF SURNAME BRAZIL 2014 - Zdeňka Králíčková

  18. 5. INTERNATIONAL ADOPTION OF MINORS LAW IN BOOKS v. LAW IN ACTION „THE HAGUE“ ACCORDING TO THE CONVENTION ON THE PROTECTION OF CHILDREN AND CO-OPERATION IN RESPECT OF INTERCOUNTRY ADOPTION(SINCE 2000) ONLY CENTRAL AUTHORITY - STEPS • APPLICATION- MATCHING • INTERACTION: 7 – 21 DAYS • REPORTS- COURT: PREADOPTION CARE • FOLLOW-UP REPORTS: 6 MONTHS 3 REPORTS • THE CONSENT TO ADOPTION fromthe Czech Republic: 2010 – 6/2014: 505 (everyyear cca 35) to the Czech Republic: ??? „NON HAGUE“ to the Czech Republic: together ??? non officialinformation 2010: 28 KONGO fromthe Czech Republic: together ??? BRAZIL 2014 - Zdeňka Králíčková

  19. THE NUMBER OF CHILDREN GIVEN FROM THE CZECH REPUBLIC TO PREADOPTION CAREACCORDING TO THE COUNTRIES (2000 – 2014) BRAZIL 2014 - Zdeňka Králíčková

  20. THE NUMBER OF CHILDREN GIVEN FROM THE CZECH REPUBLIC TO PREADOPTION CARE ACCORDING TO THE SEX (2000 – 2014) BRAZIL 2014 - Zdeňka Králíčková

  21. 6. CONCLUSIONS • NEW CIVIL CODE WAS DESIGNED ACCORDING TO THE CONVENTIONS • ConventionfortheProtectionofHumanRights and FundamentalFreedoms (CE) Europe) • Convention on theRightoftheChild (UN) • EuropeanConvention on AdoptionofChildren (CE, revised!) • Convention on theProtectionofChildren and Co-operation in RespectofIntercountryAdoption (theHague) • NEW CIVIL CODE (HOPEFULLY) MEETS EUROPEAN STANDARDS BRAZIL 2014 - Zdeňka Králíčková

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