汕头大学医学院第二附属医院 儿科教研室

1. 汕头大学医学院第二附属医院 儿科教研室 Vitamin K Deficiency

2. Postneonatal Vitamin K Deficiency • Postneonatal Vitamin K Deficiency occurs after a month the baby born. • Vitamin K deficiency in the newborn, which can be present for a variety of reasons, causes VKDB。

3. Causes: • Vitamin K deficiency in the newborn, which can be present for a variety of reasons, causes VKDB。

4. Causes: 1.Maternal medications that interfere with vitamin K stores or function, such as carbamazepine, phenytoin, barbiturates, some cephalosporins, rifampin, isoniazid, and warfarin, can result in VKDB in the infant. 2. In addition to breastfeeding, risk factors for late-onset VKDB include the following: Diarrhea、Hepatitis、Cystic fibrosis、Alpha1-antitrypin deficiency。

5. Clinical Manifestations • Bleeding The most common sites of bleeding are the umbilicus, mucous membranes, GI tract, circumcision, and venipunctures.

6. Clinical Manifestations • Intracranial bleeding can occur and is the main cause of mortality and long-term morbidity.

7. Lab Studies: • PTaPTT TCT • fibrinogen levels • platelet count • Vitamin K direct assay

8. Treatment • vitamin K • Fresh frozen plasma may be considered for moderate-to-severe bleeding.

9. Complications: • ICH • Anaphylactoid reactions to IV vitamin K • Hyperbilirubinemia • Hemolytic anemia

10. Prognosis: • In the absence of ICH, the prognosis for VKDB in an otherwise healthy infant is excellent. Prognosis after ICH depends on the extent and location of the hemorrhage. Long-term sequelae of ICH may include motor and intellectual deficits.