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Remote sensing and avian biodiversity patterns in the U.S.

Remote sensing and avian biodiversity patterns in the U.S. Anna M. Pidgeon, V. Radeloff, T. Albright, P. Culbert, C. Ritttenhouse, M. Clayton University of Wisconsin-Madison C. Flather, S. Stewart, U.S. Forest Service J. Masek, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center.

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Remote sensing and avian biodiversity patterns in the U.S.

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  1. Remote sensing and avian biodiversity patterns in the U.S. Anna M. Pidgeon, V. Radeloff, T. Albright, P. Culbert, C. Ritttenhouse, M. ClaytonUniversity of Wisconsin-MadisonC. Flather, S. Stewart, U.S. Forest ServiceJ. Masek, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center NASA Biodiversity Science Team Meeting, New York, May 6-8 2009

  2. Research questions What determines bird biodiversity patterns? How does disturbance affect bird biodiversity?

  3. Research questions What determines bird biodiversity patterns? How does disturbance affect bird biodiversity?

  4. Bird biodiversity patterns What determines bird biodiversity patterns?

  5. Bird biodiversity patterns The “machinery controlling species diversity”; MacArthur 1972

  6. Bird biodiversity patterns

  7. Bird biodiversity patterns Coops et al., 2009, Journal of Biogeography, 36:905-918

  8. Bird biodiversity patterns

  9. Bird biodiversity patterns 3x3 Window Standard Deviation TM4 Image texture explained 64% in Wisconsin’s neotropical migrant species richness

  10. Bird biodiversity patterns Culbert et al. 2009. IEEE JSTARS, in press

  11. Bird biodiversity patterns

  12. Barren Transitional Forest Agriculture Wetland Water Urban/Developed Shrubland Grassland National Land Cover Database

  13. Bird biodiversity patterns Proportion (%) of possible occurrences in models Pidgeon et al., 2007, Ecological Applications, 17:1989-2010 Lepczyk et al., 2008, Conservation Biology, 22:405-416

  14. Research questions What determines bird biodiversity patterns? How does disturbance affect bird biodiversity?

  15. Bird biodiversity patterns

  16. Research questions What determines bird biodiversity patterns? How does disturbance affect bird biodiversity?

  17. Grassland specialists trend 1972-2007

  18. Neotropical migrants trends 1972-2007

  19. Disturbance and bird biodiversity

  20. Disturbance and bird biodiversity Hurricanes: • Hurricanes changed species abundances, and community composition • Little change in species richness • Rittenhouse et al., 2009, Global Change Biology, in review

  21. Disturbance and bird biodiversity Droughts: • Both richness and abundance were negatively correlated with drought • Abundance was more affected • Albright et al., 2009, Global Change Biology, in review

  22. Disturbance and bird biodiversity

  23. Disturbance and bird biodiversity

  24. Disturbance and bird biodiversity d1 d2 Legend BBS route Non-forest Forest Water Post-disturbance forest Disturbed forest Post-disturb. Non-forest

  25. Disturbance and bird biodiversity

  26. Disturbance and bird biodiversity • Forest loss decreased community similarity for all forest birds, and also for most of the guilds • Forest disturbance maintained community similarity for permanent residents and cavity nesters

  27. Disturbance and bird biodiversity

  28. Disturbance and bird biodiversity MODIS Land surface temperature

  29. Disturbance and bird biodiversity Standardized seasonal land surface temperature exceedance (SSLSTE)

  30. Disturbance and bird biodiversity Lagged response: 2001 SSLSTE vs. 2002 BBS

  31. Disturbance and bird biodiversity

  32. Disturbance and bird biodiversity

  33. Disturbance and bird biodiversity

  34. Research questions What determines bird biodiversity patterns? How does disturbance affect bird biodiversity?

  35. Conclusions • Remotely sensed measures of ‘classic’ biodiversity drivers explain biodiversity patterns well • ‘New’ measures (DHI, texture, MODIS LST, dense Landsat stacks) are good predictors • Structure is important in terms of both biophysical and human factors

  36. Conclusions • Communities are continuously changing • Disturbance affects both interannual variability and long-term bird community changes • Abundance is more sensitive than richness

  37. Thank you!

  38. Disturbance and bird biodiversity Houses and fragmentation: • Both fragmentation and housing development had equal and strong effects on avian richness • Effects differed by guild and ecoregion • E.g., in the West houses were positively correlated with richness, but negatively in East • Pidgeon et al., 2007, Ecol. Appl., 17:1989-2010 • Lepczyk et al., 2008, Cons. Bio., 22:405-416

  39. Grassland specialists average

  40. Neotropical migrants average

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