Overview of The Australian University System

1. www.MyUniversityAustralia.org Overview ofThe Australian University System This slide show is animated - wait for the green arrow to appear and click your mouse to advance to the next slide. Scrolling the thumbwheel on your mouse will speed up the animation www.MyUniversityAustralia.org

2. Early Australian Universities • Australia’s earliest universities were founded before Australia became a federation in 1901 • Four of Australia’s oldest universities (Universities of Sydney, Melbourne, Adelaide and Tasmania) were the product of their colonial governments • The remaining two establishment universities (Universities of Queensland and Western Australia) were formed shortly after federation – under state legislation • In 1911 there were only 3,000 students enrolled in Australian universities – approximately 0.1% of the population www.MyUniversityAustralia.org

3. Early Australian Universities University of Queensland - 1909 University of Sydney - 1851 University of Western Australia - 1911 University of Melbourne - 1853 University of Adelaide - 1874 University of Tasmania - 1890 www.MyUniversityAustralia.org

4. Post-War Expansion • In the late 1940s, Australia’s university student numbers had grown to 32,000 • By the late 1950s, the student numbers had reached 50,000 • As a result of a review that exposed chronic under-funding, the Federal Government had to step in and provide additional funding to universities from the late 1950s • By the late 1960s, the Federal Government rationalised tertiary education into a two-tier (binary) system composed of: • Universities • Colleges of Advanced Education including Institutes of Technology www.MyUniversityAustralia.org

5. Post-War Expansion • In the early 1970s, the Federal Government abolished all fees for universities and CAEs and took over full funding control of Australia’s universities • Most Australian universities were enacted under state legislation but subsequently funded by the Federal Government - leading to confusing lines of accountability • The only post-war exception to this anomaly was the Australian National University, enacted under federal legislation in 1946 • The post-war expansion of the Australian tertiary sector led to the establishment of 14 new universities www.MyUniversityAustralia.org

6. Post-War Expansion of System Griffith University - 1971 University of Newcastle - 1965 James Cook Univeristy - 1970 Macquarie University - 1964 University of Wollongong - 1975 University of NSW - 1949 University of New England - 1954 Australian National University - 1946 Murdoch University - 1973 Monash University - 1958 Flinders University - 1966 Curtin University - 1986 Deakin University - 1974 La Trobe University - 1965 www.MyUniversityAustralia.org

7. Dawkins Reforms • In the late 1980s the Federal Education Minister (John Dawkins) abolished the binary system of universities and colleges of advanced education • The binary system was replaced with a unified national system, and former colleges of advanced education and institutes of technology were relabelled as universities • This led to a near doubling of the number of institutions in Australia that were labelled as universities www.MyUniversityAustralia.org

8. Dawkins Universities Bond University - 1989 Queensland University of Technology - 1988 Charles Darwin (NT) Univeristy - 1988 University of Southern Queensland - 1992 University of Technology Sydney - 1988 Central Queensland University - 1992 University of Western Sydney - 1989 University of the Sunshine Coast - 1994 Charles Sturt University - 1990 University of Canberra - 1990 University of Notre Dame - 1990 Southern Cross University - 1994 Ballarat University - 1994 Australian Catholic University - 1990 University of South Australia - 1991 Edith Cowan University - 1991 Swinburne University of Technology - 1992 RMIT University - 1992 Victoria University - 1992 www.MyUniversityAustralia.org

9. Post-Dawkins University Landscape Bond University - 1989 Griffith University - 1971 Queensland University of Technology - 1988 Charles Darwin (NT) Univeristy - 1988 University of Queensland - 1909 University of Newcastle - 1965 University of Southern Queensland - 1992 James Cook Univeristy - 1970 University of Technology Sydney - 1988 Central Queensland University - 1992 Macquarie University - 1964 University of Wollongong - 1975 University of Sydney - 1851 University of Western Sydney - 1989 University of NSW - 1949 Charles Sturt University - 1990 University of Western Australia - 1911 University of New England - 1954 University of the Sunshine Coast - 1994 Australian National University - 1946 University of Canberra - 1990 University of Notre Dame - 1990 Southern Cross University - 1994 Ballarat University - 1994 Murdoch University - 1973 University of Melbourne - 1853 Australian Catholic University - 1990 Monash University - 1958 Flinders University - 1966 University of South Australia - 1991 Edith Cowan University - 1991 University of Adelaide - 1874 Swinburne University of Technology - 1992 Curtin University - 1986 Deakin University - 1974 La Trobe University - 1965 RMIT University - 1992 Victoria University - 1992 University of Tasmania - 1890 www.MyUniversityAustralia.org

10. The Current Australian University System • Approximately 39 institutions classified as universities • 38,965 EFT Academic/research staff in 2009 • 51,334 EFT Administrative/technical staff in 2009 • 1,002,003 Total students (714,696 EFT) in 2008 – 5% of Population • 258,802 Graduations in 2008 (approximately 1/3 international) • $17.3 Billion Turnover (2007) • $9.3 Billion Australian Federal Government funding (2007) • $2.6 Billion International student fee income (2007) – 15% • $691 Million state and local government funding (2007) www.MyUniversityAustralia.org

11. Academic Staffing by Institution Big 5 Universities www.MyUniversityAustralia.org

12. Total Income by Institution Big 5 Universities www.MyUniversityAustralia.org

13. Total Non-Current Assets by Institution www.MyUniversityAustralia.org

14. Research in the Australian University System • Research in Australian universities is a relatively recent phenomenon • Australia’s first PhD was only awarded in 1948 by the University of Melbourne • Currently Australia has some 30,000 students enrolled in PhD programs • In 2008, Australian universities received a total of $2.8 Billion in research income • All Australian universities claim to be involved in both learning and research - however, 70% of all research funding is awarded to the eight largest universities (the Group of 8) • The five largest universities (Monash University + Universities of Melbourne, New South Wales, Queensland and Sydney) dominate the national research landscape www.MyUniversityAustralia.org

15. Research Degrees in the Australian University System 1 Completion in 1948 4,498 Completions in 2008 3,018 Completions in 1998 7 Completions in 1950 www.MyUniversityAustralia.org

16. Total Research Funding by Institution Big 5 Universities Group of 8 Universities (Go8) Post-Dawkins Universities www.MyUniversityAustralia.org

17. Increasing Dominance of Large Universities 2004-2008 Average research Income in Australia’s big 5 Universities Average research Income for all other universities Average research income in Group of 8 www.MyUniversityAustralia.org

18. International Ranking of Australia’s Universities www.MyUniversityAustralia.org

19. Further Information • www.MyUniversityAustralia.org www.MyUniversityAustralia.org