LEQ

1. LEQ By the end of this lesson you will be able to answer- LEQ: “In what ways are the earth’s physical systems interrelated?”

2. Water Cycle We all know that much of the water we use everyday comes from rain. But where does the rain come from? Where does the rainwater go after it rains? Is the water we use today the same as water used thousands of years ago?

3. Water Cycle Exercise • To gain a better understanding of the water cycle, you can view this interactive guide- • http://www.epa.gov/ogwdw/kids/flash/flash_watercycle.html • When you are finished looking through the guide, create your own water cycle diagram in your notebooks • Draw what is happening, don’t just write out the phases! • Make sure you are labeling all the parts!

5. Ocean Heat As you can see, near the equator ocean temperatures are very warm. Near the poles, the water is cold. ANWER IN YOUR NOTEBOOKS- 1. Why do you think water near the equator is so much warmer than water near the poles?

6. Water Circulation • Ocean water does not remain in the same spot constantly. • It moves through ocean currents. Warm water moves from the equator to the poles • Cold water moves from the poles to the equator • The warm currents remain close to the surface while cold currents are deeper down • This process is similar to how a lava lamp works

7. Do now • Keeping in mind what you learned about how ocean water circulates, draw on the provided map the paths you think warm and cold water take in our oceans • Use two separate colors for warm and cold water currents • Be sure to keep ocean currents off of land. They cannot move over land!

8. DAY 2 THE FOLLOWING SLIDES ARE FOR DAY 2

9. Wind • There are two different types of wind • Local Wind- wind limited to a specific region • This is the wind you notice on a “windy day” • General Wind- wind which stretches for thousands of miles • General wind has permanent patterns which do not change from day to day GENERAL WINDS

10. Rotation of the Earth • While the earth’s oceans are attached to the earth, the atmosphere ‘floats’ above the earth • Due to the earth’s rotation the atmosphere moves • The earth rotates every 24 hours (one day) • In the northern hemisphere this causes the flow of air to move to the right • In the southern hemisphere this causes the flow of air to move to the left

11. Rotation of the Earth • This map shows the movement of storms throughout the US • ANSWER IN YOUR NOTEBOOK- • Why do you think most of the storms are moving to the right, or east?

12. Circulation • As we discussed when talking about water circulation, the sun warms the earth unevenly • The equator receives more direct sunlight than the North and South Poles • This uneven heating causes planet-wide air circulation • Air circulation prevents the tropics from becoming superheated and the polar regions from getting even colder than they already are • In this graph • RED=hot air near the equator • BLUE=cold air near poles

13. Wind and Altitude • Wind patterns change with altitude • Air flows as a mass, this means it moves in a large collection or grouping • Just as warm water currents moved to the surface and cold water currents sank, warm air masses rise while cold air masses sink • This is why hot air balloons work! • You can see how this works on the previous slide’s diagram

14. Air Circulation • You can see on this diagram that there are areas where there are quick changes in direction • This means that there was a change in the air’s temperature Atmosphere ANSWER IN YOUR NOTES: Why do you think there is such a noticeable change in the direction of the air at the equator? Equator NOTE: This diagram shows half the earth on its side. N=North S=South

15. Do Now • ANSWER THESE QUESTIONS IN YOUR NOTEBOOK USING WHAT YOU HAVE JUST READ AND THE DIAGRAMS ON THE NEXT SLIDE- • How does air move throughout the atmosphere? • How is the movement of air throughout the atmosphere similar to the movement of water in the oceans? • How is the movement of air different than the movement of water? • How does the circulation of water and air regulate (control) the temperature of the earth?

16. Surface Wind Directions Air Circulation Water Currents

17. WAIT HERE FOR INSTRUCTIONS

18. Acid Rain • Acid Rain- rain with a low pH • Mostly caused by pollution from factories, power plants, and car exhaust • These pollutants mix with water in the atmosphere (clouds) • This pollution can be carried hundreds of miles away by wind • Acid Rain can be harmful to people, plants, and animals (Stop copying here) • Humans can get diseases such as asthma, and bronchitis from acid rain • Acid rain in lakes can kill fish and frogs • Trees, crops, and other plants can be killed from acid rain

19. What Causes Acid Rain?

20. Acid Rain Video • Watch this video on the impact acid rain can have- • Video • http://news.discovery.com/earth/videos/earth-acid-rain-eating-washington-dc.htm • http://channel.nationalgeographic.com/channel/videos/acid-rain-invisible-menace/

21. Answer The Following Questions In Your Notebook! What did acid rain do to the lakes in New York? What was the source of the pollution causing the acid rain? How was the pollution moved from the source into New York? In Washington D.C., what are the results of acid rain? How does acid rain affect wildlife? How are the systems of the Earth interconnected? Cite specific examples from the lessons.

22. You Decide • Imagine you are the President of the United States. The problem of pollution and acid rain has gotten so bad that some people think that factories around the US should be closed down. Other people point out that closing down factories would put may people out of jobs. Do you believe that acid rain is such a problem that some factories should be closed? • Write one paragraph on what you would do as president about this problem. Be sure to explain your reasoning.