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Definitions and Examples of Geometric Terms

Definitions and Examples of Geometric Terms. Definition of a POINT. A point has no size and has only a location in space. It is represented by a dot and named by capital letters. A • C • B •. Definition of a LINE.

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Definitions and Examples of Geometric Terms

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  1. Definitions and Examples ofGeometric Terms

  2. Definition of a POINT A point has no size and has only a locationin space. It is represented by a dot and named by capital letters. A • C • B •

  3. Definition of a LINE A line is a straight arrangement of points. It has length but no thickness and extends forever in both directions. Lines are named using two points on the line. • Example • Name each line two different ways • Draw and label each line

  4. Definition of a PLANE A plane has length and width but no thickness. It is a flat surface that extends forever. • Example

  5. Definition of a LINE SEGMENT A line segment consists of two points called endpoints and all the points between the endpoints. • Example • Name each line segment two different ways • Draw and label each line segment

  6. Definition of a RAY A ray is half a line. Rays are named by its endpoint and a point on the ray. • Example • Name each ray two different ways • Draw and label each ray

  7. Definition of an ANGLE An angle is two rays that share a common endpoint where the two rays do not line on the same line. VERTEX OF AN ANGLE The common endpoint of two rays that make an angle. SIDES OF AN ANGLE The two rays that form an angle. • Example • Name each angle two different ways • Draw and label each angle

  8. Measurements of an Angle Degree meaure range from 0 to 360 degrees Full rotation is a circle: 360 degrees Half rotation is a line: 180 degrees Quarter rotation is 90 degrees • Examples

  9. How to measure an Angle Place the center mark of the protractor on the vertex of the angle Rotate the “zero-edge of the protractor to line up with one side of the angle Read the measure of the angle on the protractor’s scale at the point where the other side crosses. • Exercise Set A

  10. Marking angles and segmentswith same measures Angles with the same measure are marked with an arc and the same number of slashes. Segments with the same lengths are marked with the same number of slashes • Exercise Set D

  11. Classification of Angles Right angle: Angle with measure 90. Acute angle: Angle with measure between 0 and less than 90 Obtuse angle: Angle with measure greater than 90 and less than 180. • Examples

  12. Definition of Midpoint of a Segment and an Angle Bisector Midpoint of a segment: The point that divides the segment into two segments of equal measure. Angle bisector: The ray that divides an angle into two angles of equal measure. • Examples

  13. Definition of Collinear and Coplanar Points Collinear points: Points all on one line. Coplanar points: Points all on one plane. • Examples

  14. Definition of Parallel and Perpendicular Lines Parallel lines Lines on the same plane that do not intersect. Perpendicular lines Two Lines that intersect to form right angles. • Examples

  15. Definition of Pair of Complementary and Supplementary Angles Pair of complementary angles Two angles that equal 90 degrees. Pair of supplementary angles Two angles that equal 180 degrees • Examples:

  16. Definition of Polygons Polygons A closed geometric figure in a plane formed with at least three sides that are segments. The sides intersect only at their endpoints. No two adjacent sides are collinear. Convex Polygons No segment connecting two vertices is outside the polygon Concave Polygons At least one segment connecting two vertices is outside the polygon • Examples:

  17. Classification of Polygons Number of sides 3 Triangle 4 Quadrilateral 5 Pentagon 6 Hexagon 7 Heptagon 8 Octagon 9 Nonagon 10 Decagon • Examples:

  18. Naming Polygons; Diagonals of Polygons Naming Polygons Use the letters in consecutive order. Diagonals of Polygons A segment that connects nonconsecutive vertices of a polygon. • Examples:

  19. Special Polygons Equilateral Polygons All sides are congruent (same measure). Equiangular Polygons All angles are congruent. Regular Polygons All sides and angles are congruent. • Examples:

  20. Definition of Triangles Right Triangle One right angle Acute Triangle All acute angles Obtuse Triangle One obtuse angle • Examples:

  21. Definition of Triangles Scalene Triangle No sides are congruent Isosceles Triangle Two sides are congruent Equilateral Triangle All sides are congruent • Examples:

  22. Median and Altitude of a Triangle Median of a Triangle A segment from the midpoint of one side of a triangle to the opposite vertex. Altitude of a Triangle The perpendicular segment from a vertex of a triangle to the line containing the opposite side. • Examples:

  23. Definition of Special Quadrilaterals Quadrilateral A 4-sided polygon Rectangle A quadrilateral with four right angles. Square A quadrilateral with four right angles four congruent sides . • Examples:

  24. Definition of Special Quadrilaterals Trapezoid A quadrilateral with exactly one pair of parallel sides. Parallelogram A quadrilateral with both pairs of opposite sides parallel. Rhombus A quadrilateral with four congruent sides. • Examples:

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