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eXtreme Semantics Realize the Potential Today

Dave Hollander CTO, Contivo www.contivo.com. Standards Co-Founder of XML Co-Chair W3C XML Schema Working Group Co-Author W3C Recommendation Namespaces in XML Co-Chair W3C Web Services Architecture Working Group Books Co-Author XML Applications Contributor/Technical Editor

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eXtreme Semantics Realize the Potential Today

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  1. Dave Hollander CTO, Contivo www.contivo.com Standards Co-Founder of XML Co-Chair W3C XML Schema Working Group Co-Author W3C Recommendation Namespaces in XML Co-Chair W3C Web Services Architecture Working Group Books Co-Author XML Applications Contributor/Technical Editor Semantics in Business Systems Modeling Business Objects with XML Schema Java Web Services Architecture Architecture with XML http://www.mhxml.com eXtreme Semantics Realize the Potential Today

  2. eXtreme Semantics eXtreme SEMANTICS:Pragmatic Application of Semantics Semantics = Data + Behavior • Practical: When a friend says cool...don’t put on a coat • System: Purchase order triggers processes to manufacture, package, ship and bill Behavior Data • Semantics in Business Systems: The Savvy Manager’s Guide • Dave McComb; Morgan Kauffman; September 2003ISBN: 1-55860-917-2

  3. Semantic Attributes Quality • Referents– person or thing to which the data refers • “the person with SSN 123-45-6789” • Veracity– how closely the data agrees with its referent • “the check is in the mail” • Precision– resolution of the data in the system • “date package arrived at sorting station” • Semantically Adaptive– system processing automatically adapts to semantic descriptions • Semantic Awareness– systems with high degree of sensitivity to semantics • Flexibility– a measure of the resource cost to change a behavior • Efficiency– a measure of the resources consumed to complete a behavior System Economics

  4. Strategies for Semantic Harmony • Point-to-point does not scale • Inflexible • Metadata driven • Fixed precision • Ontology driven • Semantic adaptive Hard-coded Agreements Semantic Integration: Practical Magic thatbridges the gap between the today’s computing systems and the future of semantic interoperability SchematicAgreements Semantic Interoperability

  5. Gartner Group Application Integration “Semantics” 95% Messaging andTransport 5% Only 5% of the interface is a function of the middleware choice. The remaining 95% is a function of application semantics.” Why Semantic Integration • The integration challenge • Preserve investments • Packaged applications • ~ $3 Trillion • “Silos of competence” • Integration • $300 Billion annually • “Spanning silos” • OTD, C2C, 360°, • M&A, Regulation • Semantics limit traditional integration – • Limited scope, adoption, functionality, high risk • Transport focused, project-oriented, slow, costly

  6. Integration Focus Idealized Order-To-Delivery • Semantic descriptions for each component • Rich, complex, semantic, system descriptions System 1 System 2 Stimulus or Event Result Simple Integration • Integration only needs a small sub-set • Loose coupling allows us to focus only on the semantics of the exchanged messages

  7. Semantic Integration • When scaled to production size systems the cost impact of integration focus is significant. 1st Tier 2nd Tier nth Tiers Complex Integration

  8. Comparison • Semantic Web - Ontology Requirements • Compatible with existing Web standards (XML, RDF) • Captures common KR idioms • Formally specified and of “adequate expressive power” • Can provide reasoning support • Semantic Integration Requirements • Compatible with existing systems and interfaces • Capture relationships between data in messages • Detailed mappings with ability to describe all relationships • Semantics accelerate mapping

  9. Description Logics • DL is a field of research that has studied the logics that form the formal foundation of OWL • Formally specified and of “adequate expressive power” • Logic captured must represent actual business logic • Simple to understand (like the original web) • Easy enough for large scale projects

  10. Trends We See at Customers Commoditization of Middleware • Moving to Messaging Standards: XML, Java, XSLT, web services • Architecture: SOA, legacy encapsulation • Metadata Technologies • Repositories • Interfaces • Vocabulary • Modeling • XML, OO, UML • Code Generation • Layered Architecture • Semantics • Vocabularies • Canonicals and COMs • Standards • Internal and Industry • Organizational • Centers of Excellence • Integration Competency Centers

  11. Looking Forward • Understanding: Carbon vs. Silicone • How to teach silicone about widely varying, nuanced context • Legal, business process, social, temporal, change, precision, social, politics, etc • Understanding uses reference objects • Rosetta-stone, boundary objects, glossing, UDEF • Standards only reduce semantic chaos • Interface technologies are key • Semantic Integration • Economics: • Leverages existing system investments • Leverages existing project efforts and skills • Delivers value in current projects • Reduces semantic chaos in preparation for semantic interoperability

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