Monitoring CO Poisoning with the Rad-57 TM

1. Monitoring CO Poisoningwith the Rad-57TM Includes a review on Carbon Monoxide Poisoning For Emergency Responders V.8 1 May 2011

2. IMPORTANT NOTICE • This program is not meant as a substitute for a program or course of study in carbon monoxide recognition and treatment, or emergency medicine. This is for review only. Please refer to your physician or local Medical Director for approved content and medical protocols. • This program is not meant as a substitute for the manufacturer’s operator manual for the Masimo Rad-57. Please refer to the manufacturer for complete operating instructions.

3. Introduction Using the RAD-57 Pulse CO-Oximeter Note: This is NOT intended to replace or act as a substitute for the Operators Manual. Please refer to the manufacturer’s Operator Manual for complete information on the operation and safety of the RAD-57 Pulse CO-Oximeter.

4. RAD-57 EMS Carry Case Water resistant, protective case Extra sensor pocket Reference card holder Pen holder Spare battery pocket For maximum protection, the device MUST remain in the protective case during field use.

5. Powering Up POWER Press to turn ON Press and HOLD to turn OFF Do NOT have to turn the device on/off in between readings! Battery Life Indicator 4 Green LED’s Each represents ~25% battery life Do Not use rechargeable batteries Battery Compartment Located on the back panel Holds 4 AA alkaline batteries Operates 8-10 hours

6. Sensor Placement 3 STEPS TO SENSOR PLACEMENT: Step 1: Select the appropriately sized sensor for the patient’s finger. Step 2: Carefully insert the patient’s finger into the sensor until it reaches the digit stop. Step 3: Shield the sensor in environments of excessive ambient light Optimal LED path

7. Sensor Placement Tips • Use only the index, middle or ring fingers. Do NOT use toes. • There is a top and bottom to the sensor; the cable should lay over the top of the hand • Pedi sensors- small fingers; Adult sensors- average to large fingers. • To reposition sensor or take additional readings, remove thesensor completely from the finger, then replace • INCORRECT SENSOR PLACEMENT CAN CAUSE A FALSELY ELEVATED SpCO! Adult Sensor Pedi Sensor

8. Startup Sequence Finger should be relatively clean & dry Calibration: Display will scroll through alarm settings immediately upon start up Takes ~10 seconds Calculation: Display will show scrolling zeroes (0 – 0 – 0) followed by dashed lines Takes ~20 seconds Limit sensor movement during this phase Begin patient monitoring: Defaults to SpO2/ Pulse Rate screen

9. Measuring SpO2 and Pulse Rate Pulse oximeter (SpO2) reading on top in GREEN; heart rate on bottom in RED. SIQ- Signal Identification and Quality- identifies the quality of the SpO2 signal. Press YELLOW “Bell” button to silence alarms. Press DISPLAY button to scroll through display screens Mode/Enter/Up & Down Arrows- for higher menu functions (i.e. change alarm settings or screen brightness) Alarm Silence Button

10. Measuring SpCO Display after Startup: Carboxyhemoglobin (SpCO) on top, in % The letters ‘CO’ on bottom CONFIRM ALL ELEVATED SpCO READINGS by taking a total of 3 readings on 3 different fingers. Use the average of the three as the SpCO. If SpO2 < 90% or SpMet > 2%, SpCO may NOT read if your sensor is Rev H or above. Display will show dashed lines. To determine what rev sensor you have: Look at the letter stamped on the base of the sensor

11. Measuring PI • Press the DISPLAY button to display the PI parameter. • PI = Perfusion Index. A measurement of blood flow to the extremity the sensor is on. • The same principal as capillary refill. • Values range from 0.02-20. The lower the number, the lower the perfusion. • Displayed both numerically and graphically. Perfusion Index Bar Graph

12. Optional Features • Auto ON/ OFF • Can opt to turn device off after period of non use • 5, 10, 15 minutes • Perfusion Index (PI) • Display can be turned on or off • Can make SpCO the default display upon start up screen (instead of SpO2/pulse rate)

13. Light Shield Use The presence of intense ambient light can interrupt (no reading) or interfere (falsely elevate reading) with the SpCO reading. SHIELD THE SENSOR FROM INTENSE AMBIENT LIGHT!! This includes strobes and sunlight. Insert the sensor all the way into the light shield; ensure the cable comes out of the top of the opening. Once sensor is in place in the light shield, insert finger into sensor. Apply pressure to open sensor

14. SpCO Accuracy The SpCO parameter has an accuracy of +/- 3% (for one standard deviation, which is 67% of patients) Example: A reading of 4% could actually be between 1% - 7% Measurements may vary from reading to reading, even on the same patient, within the accuracy specification If an elevated SpCO is detected, ALWAYS confirm by measuring 2 additional fingers.Use the rough average of the readings as the person’s SpCO value.

15. Warnings and Cautions Good arterial perfusion along with correct sensor placement will provide a stable CO reading. Inaccurate measurements may be caused by: Incorrect sensor placement Hypoxemia, including altitude induced hypoxemia Elevated levels of methemoglobin Intense ambient light Low arterial perfusion Motion artifact

16. Thank You QUESTIONS?