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CS 240: Network Routing

Gain an understanding of general principles and explore interesting topics in network routing. This project-based class is ideal for those interested in networks research. Participation is required.

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CS 240: Network Routing

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  1. CS 240: Network Routing Michalis Faloutsos

  2. Class Overview • Expose you the general principles and highlight some interesting topics in routing • Background in networks is necessary • The class is project based • Given interest/participation, we will skip the quiz • Participation is required • Ideal for people that want to get involved in networks research • See my web page for more information

  3. Use The Blackboard • Update your email to receive updates • Check your grades through there

  4. What is Routing?

  5. Routing • Routing is the necessary functions to ensure that data from one “host” will reach another “host” • The role of routing starts once the data leaves the first communicating entity • Simply put, routing is responsible for finding, establishing and maintaining communication the path

  6. Routing and Layers • Routing takes place at the network layer • Routing is under the transport layer • Routing is “unaware” of end-to-end issues (always?) • Routing is above the link layer • Communication between adjacent nodes happens application transport network link physical application transport network link physical Routing

  7. Toy Routing Example • Alexandros wants to talk to Biswanath • Routing determines and uses the orange path • Is this a good path? A B

  8. Routing is Critical • For me, routing is the most fundamental networking function • It is also the most fun part in networking • What makes it interesting: • There are many conflicting trade-offs • Routing operates with partial or out-of-date knowledge • It has to handle changes and failures • More recently, it has to handle mobility

  9. Requirements in Routing • Scale to large networks, many users • Robustness: deal with changes • Fault-tolerance: deal with failures • Use resources efficiently: accommodate more • Provide Quality of Service (QoS) guarantees

  10. I. Routing View: Optimization • Given a graph with weights • Each edge may have more than one weight, cost, delay • Find a path that optimizes some criteria 2 A 4 1 2 3 5 3 2 B 2 4 4 2 6

  11. II. Routing View: Functional • Routing can support several communication needs • Unicast or point-to-point routing • Multicasting: • One-to-many, i.e. video distribution • Many-to-many, i.e. teleconference • Reporting: Many-to-one, i.e. sensor network • Broadcasting: one to all • Anycasting: one to some

  12. III. Routing View: Hierarchical • Following the Internet hierarchy • Autonomous Systems: an network managed by a single authority, e.g. an Internet service provider (ISP) • Intradomain routing: routing within a privately owned network • Interdomain routing: routing between domains • Different capabilities and criteria: • Intradomain: full control, interest to optimize resources • Inerdomain: distributed, focus on scalability and policy (BGP)

  13. IV. Routing View: Network Specific • Internet routing • Static hosts • Mobile hosts • ATM routing • Ad hoc network routing: everything moves • Sensor networks: reporting

  14. Some of the Topics • Routing as an optimization problem • Multicast routing • BGP routing (emphasis) • Ad hoc routing • Sensor routing issues

  15. You Need to Start Thinking for a Topic • Projects: maximum two in a team • Literature surveys possible, but not full marks • BGP routing: modeling, stability,performance • Adhoc networks: scalable routing approaches • Current work: DART by Jakob Eriksson • Theoretical work: • multicast routing • Modeling application layer multicasting

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