Low Cost Facilities

1. Low Cost Facilities • The Entire system • Designed for 20 cows • Materials -Railroad ties -Cattle Panels -pine slab wood -2x12’s -2x10’s Total Cost ==$325

2. LOW COST FACILITIES • Head Gate • Made of Wood • Stanchion design • Swings Open to Release cattle • Cost $25 • Good for small herds • In use for 4 years

3. LOW COST FACILITIES • Corral • Use barn as one side • Holding area • Opens to chute area • Gate swings to crowd • Solid gate avoids being kicked

4. Low Cost Facilities • Crowding Area • Gate swings in • Using barn as wall • Sides are lined with wood, 1 inch pine • Cattle Panels provide strength

5. Low Cost Facilities • Cows Eye View • Area Narrows to chute • Solid wall and fence • Cows move forward to opening

6. Low Cost Facilities • Cows Eye View • Wall made of Cattle Panels • Lined with trimmed slab lumber-no true dimensions • 6’ high fence • Gaps allow some air movement to prevent snow buildup and prevent overheating

7. Wintering Needs • Windbreaks Provide Protection from Winter Winds • Important for Young Animals • Important for Cows Nursing • Reduce wind speed and lower the wind chill • Reduce feed needs • Reduce noise and livestock odor

8. Wintering Needs • Critical temperature • Coat Description Critical Temperature • Summer or Wet 59 Degrees • Fall coat 45 Degrees • Winter Coat 32 Degrees • Heavy Winter Coat 18 Degrees

9. Wintering Heifers • Feedlot Design with Windbreak (750 lb) • Lot area paved-45 square feet/head • Earth lot-250 square feet/head • Bedded Mound Area-30 square feet/head

10. Wind Chill Chart

11. Wintering Needs • Feedlot with Shed for 750 lb heifers • Paved outside lot area-45 square feet/head • Earth outside lot area-250 square feet/head • Shed area-20 square feet/head • Shed minimum clearance height-10 feet

12. Wintering Heifers • Windbreaks Provide Protection from Winter Winds • Important for Young Animals • Important for Dairy Breeds

13. Wintering Heifers • Windbreaks Provide Protection from Winter Winds • Important for Young Animals • Important for Dairy Breeds • Reduce wind speed and lower the wind chill

14. Round Bales Make Excellent Windbreaks

15. Wintering Needs • Increased Maintenance Energy Requirements • For heifers in winter coat each degree below critical temperature requires 1.2% increase per degree • For heifer in heavy winter coat each degree below critical temperature requires 0.7% increase per degree

16. Wintering Needs • Dec 11th the temperature was zero degrees with a 30 mph wind so the wind chill was –49 degrees This is 57 degree below critical temperature (49+18) for heifer in heavy winter coat we need to increase energy for Maintenance by 40% (57 x .7=39.9)

17. Constructed Windbreak

18. Multiple Pens off Crowding Alley

19. Wooden Head gate

20. Self Catching Head gates

21. Wintering Heifers • When calculating windbreak protection use 10X the height of the wind break to determine areas of excellent wind protection • 30 foot high trees – 300 feet of protection • 10 foot high fence – 100 feet of protection

22. Economy Model

23. Keep Handling Facilities Simple

24. Crowding Alley with Adequate Length

25. Corral

26. Cadillac Version