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Subsidence in the deep Mediterranean. Hans van Haren (on behalf of ANTARES collaboration). Merci: C. Millot, I. Taupier-Letage. down looking. ANTARES neutrino telescope in W-Med.
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Subsidence in the deep Mediterranean • Hans van Haren (on behalf of ANTARES collaboration) Merci: C. Millot, I. Taupier-Letage NIOZ is part of the Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research (NWO)
down looking ANTARES neutrino telescope in W-Med Acoustic Doppler current profiler (ADCP)level 3 MILOM, at 169 m above bottom50 vertical bins of 2.5 m (between 2310 and 2435 m) * Courtesy: C. Curtil
ANTARES ADCP Overview: sep 2005 - apr 2007 storeys Current amplitude “bad” data Vertical current Relatve Echo amplitude: particles
Large downward currents (W)! Baseline and Echo intensity data Current amplitude Baseline+ Echo Amplitude (Error) Vertical current 0.01 m/s ~ 1000 m/day
Some processes in the W-Med causing negative vertical currents - deep-water formation (dw) - meso-scale eddies (ME) - meso-scale currents (NC) * A P ME A Alps P Pyrenees
Evidence of DW: negative currents in winter only Courtesy: X. Durrieu de Madron and collaborators Gulf of Lions
Other mechanisms following DW: meso-scale eddies? Chl-a day 69 * susp sed day 88
39°N 39°N 38°N 38°N 37°N 37°N 7°E 7°E 8°E 8°E 9°E 9°E Rapid downward motions and eddies: Algerian Basin (no DW) 300 600 +10- -20 mm/s (5- -10 dB) 1900- 2400 m ANTARES: bioluminescent “particles” van Haren, H., C. Millot, and I. Taupier-Letage, GRL 2006.
Chl-a Fluorescence (µg l-1) More effects of DW: deep stratification TN ~ 5-8 h Near-bottom intrusion of dense shelf water forms well defined thermo-haline, turbidity, and fluorescence bottom anomalies “New” water stratification; TN ~ 1 hour Courtesy: X. D. de Madron ea
2250 2250 2250 -Z (m) -Z (m) -Z (m) 2300 2300 2300 2350 2350 2350 Some peculiar Antares observations 2008 First half year, similar to spring 2006 Current Magnitude 10-3 m s-1 Relative Echo Amplitude dB Vertical Current 10-3 m s-1
2250 2250 2250 -Z (m) -Z (m) -Z (m) 2300 2300 2300 2350 2350 2350 Some peculiar Antares observations 2008 First 3 weeks 2009 Current Magnitude 10-3 m s-1 Relative Echo Amplitude dB Vertical Current 10-3 m s-1 High frequency internal waves
2250 2250 2250 -Z (m) -Z (m) -Z (m) 2300 2300 2300 2350 2350 2350 Some peculiar Antares observations 2008 Last 5 days 2008 Current Magnitude 10-3 m s-1 Relative Echo Amplitude dB Vertical Current 10-3 m s-1 High frequency internal waves (~1 hour) “strong” stratification
Conclusions • Spring 2006 large amounts particles in deep: • (bioluminescent) optics confirmed acoustically • Regular strong vertical downward currents (1000 m/day) • Associated with meso-scale motions • No direct evidence for local DW • Deep stratification, following DW?, • certainly high-frequency wave motions! The end