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Ethernet Basics – 7 IP Addressing

Learn about IP addressing, subnetting, classes, ranges, and subnets to efficiently manage networks. Explore the essentials of TCP/IP and subnet masks for effective communication. Contact us at techsupport@ethernetdirect.com for queries.

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Ethernet Basics – 7 IP Addressing

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  1. Ethernet Basics – 7 IP Addressing

  2. Introducing IP Addressing • IP address (TCP/IP address) • Not unique (but should be), user assigned • Layer 3 • 4 byte (32 bit) • Network part + host part • 2564 or 4,290 million different addresses • Always accompanied by a subnet mask • IP Address : 149.218.90.19 • Subnet Mask : 255.255.0.0

  3. I I I 0 IP Address Classes • There are 5 different classes 0 net id – 7 bits host id – 24 bits Class A I 0 net id – 14 bits host id – 16 bits Class B I I 0 net id – 21 bits host id – 8 bits Class C multicast group id – 28 bits Class D I I I I reserved for future use – 28 bits Class E

  4. IP Address Ranges • Every interface on an internet must have a unique IP address

  5. Subnets • The subnet defines what part of the IP address is net id and what part is host id. • It is a binary mask applied to the IP address • Consider the IP address 149.218.10.20 • This is a class B address, (subnet mask = 255.255.0.0) therefore the net id should be 149.218 and the host id 10.20 • 10010101.11011010.00001010.00010100 - IP Address 11111111.11111111.00000000.00000000 - subnet mask • But that would mean having 65534 computers on the same network – lots of potential broadcast traffic • So to split this up we use subnets

  6. Subnets • Subnet mask • This is applied to the IP address to evaluate the new net id. • Consider 149.218.10.20 • Give this a subnet of 255.255.255.0 means it now belongs to the network 149.218.10.0 as opposed to the original of 149.218.0.0 • 10010101.11011010.00001010.00010100 - IP Address 11111111.11111111.11111111.00000000 - subnet mask • This means only 254 computers are connected together. • To communicate between subnets, you have to use a router

  7. Thank You If you have any questions or comments about this presentation, email us at techsupport@ethernetdirect.com Or Skype us at Ethernet Direct1

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