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Chandigarh, also called The City Beautiful, is a city in India that serves as the capital of two states, Punjab and Haryana, and is a union territory of India. Known internationally for its architecture and urban planning, It is the first planned city of India. The city tops the list of Indian States and Union Territories with the highest per capita income in the country at Rs 110,676 per year (Rs 44,502 in 2000). After the partition of British India into the two nations of India and Pakistan in 1947, the region of Punjab was also split between India and Pakistan. After the partition of British India into the two nations of India and Pakistan in 1947, the region of Punjab was also split between India and Pakistan. The Indian state of Punjab required a new capital city to replace Lahore, which became part of Pakistan during the partition. Nehru famously proclaimed Chandigarh to be "unfettered by the traditions of the past, a symbol of the nation's faith in the future." QUICK FACTS
Chandigarh is located near the foothills of the Shivalik range of the Himalayas in Northwest India. • It covers an area of approximately 44 sq mi or 114 km². and shares its borders with the states of Haryana in the east and Punjab in the north, west and south. • Summer: The temperature in summer (from Mid-May to Mid-June) may rise to a maximum of 46.5 °C (rarely). Temperatures generally remain between 35 °C to 40 °C. • Monsoon: During monsoon(from mid-June to mid-September), Chandigarh receives moderate to heavy rainfall and sometimes heavy to very heavy rainfall (generally during the month of August or September). • Monsoon: During monsoon(from mid-June to mid-September), Chandigarh receives moderate to heavy rainfall and sometimes heavy to very heavy rainfall (generally during the month of August or September). • The initial plan had two phases: the first for a population of 150,000 and the second taking the total population to 500,000. • The whole city has been divided into rectangular patterns, forming identical looking sectors, each sector measures 800 m x 1200 m. Geography and Climate
Chandigarh has the largest number of vehicles per capita. Public buses run by the Chandigarh Transport Undertaking (CTU), an undertaking of the Chandigarh Administration, provide local transport as well as inter-state transport services. Chandigarh is well connected by road. The two main National Highways (NH) connecting Chandigarh with the rest of the country are: NH 22 (Ambala - Kalka - Shimla - Kinnaur) and NH 21 (Chandigarh - Leh). Chandigarh has a railway station located about 10 km. away from the ISBT. Regular train connections are available to the national capital New Delhi and to some other junctions like Kalka, Ambala, Amritsar, Bhiwani, Lucknow, Patna, Howrah, Mumbai, Chennai, Trivandrum, and Sri Ganganagar. Chandigarh also has a domestic airport located nearly 12 kilometers from the ISBT. Its name is Chandigarh Airport. Jet Airways, JetLite,Air India, and Kingfisher Airlines operate regular flights from Chandigarh to New Delhi and Mumbai Transport
The Rock Garden is a sculpturegarden in Chandigarh, also known as Nek Chand's Rock Garden, after its founder, Nek Chand, a government official who started the garden secretly in his spare time in 1957. • Today it is spread over an area of forty-acre (160,000 m²), it is completely built of industrial & home waste and thrown-away items. • The Rock Garden project was secretly initiated by Nek Chand around 1957. It was discovered by the authorities in 1975, by which time it had grown into a 12-acre (49,000 m2) complex of interlinked courtyards, each filled with hundreds of pottery-covered concrete sculptures of dancers, musicians, and animals. • The Rock Garden is still made out of recycled materials. It is situated near Sukhna Lake. It consists of man-made interlinked waterfalls and many other sculptures that have been made of scrap & other kinds of wastes (bottles, glasses, bangles, tiles, ceramic pots, sinks, electrical waste, etc) which are placed in walled paths Rock Garden
Capitol Complex is situated in Sector 1 of the city. • Capitol Complex shelters the seat of Government. Formerly this popular complex served as the seat for the Government of Punjab only. But nowadays it served as the headquarters of both, the Government of Punjab as well as Haryana. • Capitol Complex in Chandigarh comprises of three popular buildings. The three popular buildings are the Secretariat, the Legislative Assembly and the High Court. • The High Court was constructed in the Capitol Complex during the year 1951 to 57. • The Secretariat was constructed in the year from 1953 to 1959. • Capitol Complex in Chandigarh, which is considered as the temple of democracy in free India, is one of the popular tourist attractions of Chandigarh. Capitol Complex
Also known as Zakir Rose Garden is Asia's largest rose garden. • It is in sector 16 next to the city's cricket stadium. Spread over 30 acres the Rose Garden has over 50,000 rose plants of 1600 species. • It was named after India's former President,ZakirHussain. • Alongwith the roses emphasis was also given on the plants of medicinal value and some unique specimen trees. • Fountains and bright lights enhance its beauty at night and provide a breath of fresh air to all who come to enjoy a walk and unwind. This garden is the venue of the annual Festival of Gardens (Rose Festival). Rose Garden
Sukhna Lake in Chandigarh, India is an artificial lake at the foothills of the Shivalik hills. This 3 km² rainfed lake was created in 1958 by damming the Sukhna Choe, a seasonal stream coming down from the Shivalik Hills. Originally the seasonal flow entered the lake directly causing heavy siltation. To check the inflow of silt, 25.42 km² of land was acquired in the catchment area and put under vegetation. In 1974, the Choe was diverted and made to bypass the lake completely, the lake being fed by three siltation pots, minimising the entry of silt into the lake itself. Sukhna Lake
The Yadavindra Gardens at Pinjore have terraced gardens, which feature the Rajasthani Mughal style Shish Mahal, the Rang Mahal, the cubical Jal Mahal and a series of fountains and waterfalls. • The gardens are open from 7am to 10pm and are illuminated at night. • Pinjore Gardens (also known as Pinjor Gardens or Yadavindra Gardens) is an example of the Mughal Gardens style. • The garden is in the village of Pinjore lie 22 km from Chandigarh on the Ambala-Shimla road. • The Gardens were designed by the Nawab Fidal Khan. He was an architect and foster brother to Aurangzeb. The Yadavindra Gardens