Computer Infrastructure

1. Computer Infrastructure By: Mrs. Murphy This slide show creating in MS PowerPoint 97

2. 5 Components Necessary for Computer Operation • Input Hardware • Output Hardware • Storage hardware • Processing hardware • Communications hardware

3. The Motherboard • main circuit board on which the microprocessor and all other components are mounted Abit KT-7A AMD Processor Motherboard

4. Hardware • any physical component of the computer • you can touch it

5. cards go here Expansion Cards • like a small circuit board • contains what is necessary to perform a specialized task • contain chips that add new features to a computer • e.g. a graphics card, sound card

6. Laser printer Peripheral Devices • external devices connected to the computer cabinet but are not inside the main cabinet

7. Input Hardware • the physical parts of the computer that accept data (information) and convert it into a form that can be used for computer processing

8. An ergonomic keyboard Keyboard • used to enter words & numbers into the computer. • also has keys called function keys: used to enter specific software commands as a shortcut. • cursor (insertion point): symbol on the screen that shows where data may be entered next.

9. trackballs mouse trackball touchpad joystick Pointing Devices • devices that control the position of the cursor or pointer on the screen

10. first mouse ever! optical mouse (no mouse ball) cordless mouse Mouse • rolled on a desktop to direct a pointer on the monitor

11. Joystick • a vertical handle, like a gearshift lever, mounted on a base with one or two buttons • often used for playing computer games

12. Trackball • moveable ball on a stationary device • rotated with the fingers or your palm • sometimes found on laptop computers

13. Lap top touchpad Touchpad • flat rectangular device • uses a very weak electrical field to sense the user’s touch • as the fingertip is moved, so does the cursor

14. Graphics Tablet (Pablo) • draw on the tablet with the pressure sensitive pen • can be used instead of a mouse

15. Light Pen • light sensitive pen-like device • user brings the pen to a specific spot on the display screen • “click” by pressing the pen button • it identifies the screen location to the computer • sometimes used by engineers and graphic designers

16. Touch Screen • a video display screen that has been sensitised to receive input from the touch of a finger.

17. Bar Code Reader • a photoelectric scanner that translates the bar code symbols into digital code

18. Microphone • provides sonic input to the sound card

19. Scanner translates images of text, drawings and photos into digital form

20. Output Hardware • devices that provide the user with a way of viewing and using information produced by the computer

21. Monitor • a device that displays softcopy output resolution: clarity or sharpness of a monitor the higher number of pixels, the clearer the image

22. Soft v.s. Hard Copy • hard copy: output that can be physically held in your hand soft copy: output displayed on a monitor or by speakers (sound)

23. Colour ink jet Laser printer Colour bubble jet Printers allows your work to be re-created on a sheet of paper or acetate

24. Laser printer Laser Printers • works like a photocopier • images created on a drum • treated with magnetically charged ink like toner (powder) • transferred from a drum to paper

25. Colour ink jet Ink-Jet Printer • forms images with little dots • sprays small, electrically charged droplets of ink from four nozzles from holes in a matrix

26. Colour bubble jet Bubble-jet printer • similar to an ink jet printer • uses miniature heating elements to force special ink through print heads with 128 tiny nozzles

27. Speakers • allow the digital sound to be heard

28. Drum plotter Flatbed plotter Plotters • used to produce high quality graphics • used to create architectural drawings and maps

29. Digital Camera • a light sensitive processor chip captures photographic images in digital form on the camera’s small disk • both an input and output device

30. RAM Storage Hardware • devices that let you store software and data

31. Bit v.s. byte

32. ROM RAM Primary Storage • temporary working storage of the computer • contents ARE erased when the power is turned off • contained on memory chips on the motherboard • chips remember, temporarily, information supplied by you or software

33. RAM Random Access Memory (RAM) • memory that temporarily holds data and instructions that will be needed shortly by the processor • it is constantly being written on and erased • the more you have, the faster the software will operate

34. Read-Only Memory (ROM) • you cannot write on it or erase it • the chips remember, permanently, information supplied by the manufacturer • one of the chips contains instructions that tell the processor what to do when you first turn on, or “boot” the computer (ROM bootstrap)

35. Cache memory • bridge between the CPU and RAM • special high-speed memory that the processor can access quickly • allows the processor to run faster because it doesn’t have to take time to swap instructions in and out of RAM

36. Secondary Storage • used to store information in a relatively permanent manner • data is NOT lost when the power is turned off

37. Interior of hard drive Read write heads on the arm Discs on a drive spindle Exterior of hard drive Hard Drive(disk) • holds software and data • thin, but rigid, metal or glass platters covered with a substance that allows data to be held in the form of magnetised spots • tightly sealed within an enclosed unit to prevent any foreign matter from getting inside

38. Floppy Drive • a device that holds, spins, and reads data from and writes data to the diskette Floppy disk: removable, round, flat piece of plastic that stores data and programs as electromagnetic charges on a metal oxide film that coats the plastic

39. CD ROM(Compact Disk Read Only Memory) • optical disk format that is used to hold software programs and data • holds up to 680 MB of data • they can be internal or external • use optical disk technology

40. ZIP/JAZ drive • removable hard disk drives • work like floppy drives • hold GB worth of data on hard disks • disks can be removed and replaced by others Jaz Drive Zip Drive Jaz Drive

41. ROM RAM Processing Hardware • combination of: • the electronic circuitry that does the processing • the memory that supports the processing

42. CPU (Central Processing Unit) The processing/computing part of the computer controls and manipulates data to produce information microprocessor: CPU in a microcomputer

43. external modem Communications Hardware • devices used to assist in the connections between computers and between groups of connected computers

44. Network Interface Card (NIC) • enables a computer to send and receive messages in a network • need one to be attached to a network

45. external modem internal modem Modem • device that converts digital signals to analog ones in order to send signals over telephone lines and into your computer (or vice versa)

46. PowerPoint in the Classroomhttp://www.actden.com/pp/ • This site is an excellent tutorial • very student (& adult) friendly-easy to follow instructions • great graphics • walks you through each task step-by-step by showing you the actual dialogue box/dropdown menu for every step • a simple layout (not too much text on a screen) • a quick quiz on each tutorial section • I would use this in my classroom!

47. Citations • www.cheap-computers-guide.com/ cheap-computer-cases.html (computer case) • www.pclincs.co.uk/acatalog/ (ergonomic keyboard) • ece.clemson.edu/ (CPU Chip) • www.demonatthus.net/focus/ f-a020610a.html (cordless mouse) • www.ebiz-on.com/ (normal moitor) • www.techsoft.com/ (flat monitor) • www.dici.net/mission.htm (computer) • dtech.co.za/multimedia.htm (normal keyboard) • www.estrada-onstage.com/ e/e.asp?durki=28 (faded keyboard) • company.monster.co.uk/bccuk/ (normal mouse) • www.nsi.be/products.htm (multiple trackballs) • www.acm.org/sigchi/chi97/proceedings/ short-talk/sm.htm (touchpad) • www.thepc.info/mouse.html (trackball) • reviews.macnn.com/reviews/ saitek/cyborg.shtml (joystick) • www.afosr.af.mil/pages/ rhjun99.htm (first mouse) • www.humanities.mcmaster.ca/ ~hccrs/INPUT.HTM (web cam)

48. Citations Con’t • www.bysoft.se/sureshot/ bluesaver/ (black flat monitor) • it.wce.wwu.edu/344/manual/glossary/ pix/laser%20printer.jpg (laser printer) • scanweb.hypermart.net/images/ misc/scanner.jpg (scanner) • www.keyence.com/news/ bl80new.gif (bar code reader) • www.epinions.com/ Canon_S200_Color_Bubble_Jet_Printer__P… (colour bubble jet printer) • www.racoindustries.com/ zebekit.htm (pen bar code reader) • www.readerware.com/help/ rwBarCode.html (bar code) • www.criticism.com/riswan.html (ink jet printer) • www.equator.ac.uk/technology/ storytent/ (touch screen) • www.mitek.co.uk/tfm12.html (touch screen with guy in it) • http://www.dpreview.com/reviews/sonydscp71/(digital camera) • www.cw2.co.uk/images/ px1_3067.gif (light pen with monitor) • www.sincuser.f9.co.uk/ 030/hardwre2.jpg (light pen) • www.hanho.com/image/ microphone-2.jpg (microphone with pen) • www.mpsuperstore.com/Electronics/ discr21038.htm (microphone)

49. Citations Con’t • www.mypcmadness.com/images/ gateway_solo/touchpad.jpg (laptop touchpad • mpc.fab.free.fr/atari/ photo8b/trackball.jpg(Atari trackball) • www.serc.iisc.ernet.in/ ~pcf/drum.gif (drum plotter) • www.sericol.com/imaging/website/ Equipment/Equipment.htm (flatbed plotter) • www.piranhatech.com/images/products/ black%20speakers.jpg (black speakers) • www.pcsuppliesuk.co.uk/cgi-bin/ CatPics/speakers.jpg (speakers) • www.cdromshop.com/cdshop/ img/p.080236102600.jpg (headphones) • www.hayesmicro.com/ graphics/modem.jpg (external modem) • www.servicioalpc.com/ images/modem.jpg(internal modem) • www.vrttechweb.com/.../ Hard%20Drive%20Failure.htm (hard drive inside) • www.emperorlinux.com/ acc_memory.html (RAM) • www.hddrecovery.com.au/ (hard drive close up) • www.gadgetguru.com/ ReplayTV%20Hard%20Drive.jpg (hard drive in motherboard) • www.bophoto.com/WinCE/ Articles/Floppy.html (discs) • www.pclincs.co.uk/acatalog/ floppy%20drive.jpg (floppy drive) • www.ultrared.com/cdmanu.htm (CD)

50. Citations Con’t • www.insectria.org/ b128/rom.jpg (ROM) • www.help-net.com/.../ picture_tour_of_a_computer.htm (outside of hard drive) • http://computer.howstuffworks.com/motherboard2.htm (motherboard) • www.tomshardware.com/howto/01q1/ 010212/socket5-06.html (cache memory) • itdc.lbcc.cc.ca.us/saltweb/ hardware/jaz.html (Jaz Drive) • www.amr-solutions.com/ what-we-do_hardware.htm (Jaz Drive with disk) • www.macdevcenter.com/.../mac/2002/ 09/13/pc_peripherals.html (Zip Drive) • www.humanities.mcmaster.ca/ ~hccrs/HARDWARE.HTM (expansion cards & definition) • www.cheap-computers-guide.com/ images/cpu-installation.jpg (CPU Installation) • www.xanthosmicrosystems.com/ ~joachim/pvax-cpu.jpg (CPU up close) • www.linksys.com/tech_helper/ tempimages/nic.jpg (NIC up Close) • www.accton.com/.../product/nic/ images/nic_en1048-t_all.gif (NIC) • www.orblanhouse.com/ orb/maquinas.asp (Optical mouse) • www.macdirectory.com/Reviews/ Input/Index2.html (Pablo - graphics tablet) • www.eswack.com/cart/ en-us/dept_61.html (CD ROM Drive) • members.aol.com/lucifer127/ thanks.htm (thanks pic) • www.zooish.com/Cartoons.htm (hand waving)