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ACID AND BASE

ACID AND BASE

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ACID AND BASE

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  1. Acids The substances which are sour in taste are acids. The chemical nature of acids is acidic. For example- curd, lemon juice, orange juice, vinegar etc

  2. Bases • The substances which are bitter in taste are bases. • The chemical nature of bases is basic (bitter). • For example- baking soda, tamarind etc.

  3. Indicators • The substances which are used to test whether a substance is acidic or basic is called as an indicator. • Indicators change their color when added to a solution containing an acid or a base. • For example- litmus paper, china rose indicator

  4. Neutral solutions • The solutions which does not change the color of either red or blue litmus paper are known as neutral solutions.

  5. Neutralisation • The reaction between an acid and a base is called as a neutralization process. • In this process, salt and water are produced with the evolution of heat. • Acids with bases give salt plus water. • For example- HCl + NaOH gives NaCl + H2O

  6. Affects of neutralisation • Indigestion due to much acid in the stomach. • Ant bite injecting acidic liquid (formic acid) into the skin. • Soil treatment by the use of excessive chemical fertilizers. • Factory wastes affecting water bodies and other organisms.

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