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DSLR Astrophotograpy ….. My way. My camera. Why Canon?. Provides RAW files Not directly useable as an image “ Digital negatives”….unprocessed readout of pixels Well suited for dark subtracting and flat fielding…. not true of Nikon
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Why Canon? • Provides RAW files • Not directly useable as an image • “Digital negatives”….unprocessed readout of pixels • Well suited for dark subtracting and flat fielding…. not true of Nikon • Canon uses CMOS (complementary metal oxide semiconductor) sensor • Less sensitive than CCD, but cheaper to make • Generally consume less power than CCDs • Provide excellent color
One shot color (Bayer Matrix) http://www.cambridgeincolour.com/tutorials/camera-sensors.htm
How color is created Debayering the matrix…..greyscale data converted to RGB image http://www.cambridgeincolour.com/tutorials/camera-sensors.htm
Processing after demosiacing Irreversible process best done on a computer and not in the camera http://www.cambridgeincolour.com/tutorials/raw-file-format.htm
Other reasons to use Canon • Software readily available • Acquisition (Images Plus, Backyard EOS, Nebulosity, DigiCamControl • Processing (Images Plus, PixInsight, Nebulosity, Deep Sky Stacker • Gain from the experience of others • Yahoo Group Digital Astro • Yahoo Group DSLR Astro Image Processing • Cloudy Nights DSLR & Digital Camera Astro Imaging & Processing • Jerry Lodriguss CCD books are excellent and website • Books, adaptors, modifications, etc are widely available
Why modify the canon sensor? Stock IR cut filter limits Ha response of sensor
Downsides of modifying camera • Must use custom white balance • Auto mode will not work with custom white balance in older Canons… must use P or M mode • Canon Warranty is void and they will not service the camera • Cost is $200 - $300 (Hutech, Hap Griffin, Gary Honis)
Lenses and telescopes that I use • 17-40mm f/4 Canon • 85mm f/1.8 Canon (Image scale 13.5 arcsec/pixel) • 200mm f/2.8 Canon (IS 5.4) • Borg 77ED refractor, f/5.5 (IS 2.5) • TAK FSQ 106 refractor, f/5 (IS 2) • TEC 140 refractor, f/7 (IS 1.1)
Image acquisition • Important to use a computer because it gives the best focus • Images Plus Camera Control • Many features….DSLR (Canon and Nikon), CCD, video • Autofocus control for motorized focusers; temperature compensation • $240, includes image processing software • Very good video tutorials • Backyard EOS • Only for Canon cameras • Manual focus aid plus framing aid, drift alignment, video, eclipse mode • Only $30
Typical exposures • Usually stop down lenses a couple of stops • Always use ISO1600 (never go below ISO800) • Always collect RAW images (optional plus JPEG or TIFF) • Usually 3-4 minute unquided exposures • Total exposure time usually 1-2 hours (15-30 exposures) • Dark site is important
Image processing • Images Plus • Dark subtraction • Debayering conversion to color FITS • Grading • File conversion to 16-bit TIFF • Could do everything in Images Plus
Registar • Use for aligning and combining (usually) • Fool proof and very flexible
CCDStack • Use for digital development (non linear stretch), creation of luminance image, deconfolution of luminance