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Body Composition

Body Composition . By Connie Rauser Sabino High School http://edweb.tusd.k12.az.us/crauser. BMR (basal metabolic rate). Amount of energy your body needs to function at rest. BMR Calculations. General Formula Your weight in lbs x 10 kcals/lb Harris-Benedict formula

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Body Composition

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  1. Body Composition By Connie Rauser Sabino High School http://edweb.tusd.k12.az.us/crauser

  2. BMR (basal metabolic rate) • Amount of energy your body needs to function at rest Body Composition

  3. BMR Calculations • General Formula • Your weight in lbs x 10 kcals/lb • Harris-Benedict formula • Adult male: 66 + (6.3 x B. W. in #) + 12.9 x Height in inches) – (6.8 x age) • Adult female: 655 + (4.3 x B. W. in #) + (4.7 x Height in inches) – (4.7 x age) Body Composition

  4. BMI • What is BMI? • Relationship of weight to height • Used to assess: • Underweight • overweight or risk for overweight • Above 95th percentile-overweight children • 25-29.9 –overweight adults • 30 and above-obese • Does not measure body fat Body Composition

  5. Calculating BMI • BMI = W (kg) divided by H2 (meters) • BMI = W/H2 • BMI = (W (lbs) x 705)/H (in)2 • BMI = (W x 705)/H2 http://www.cdc.gov/nccdphp/dnpa/bmi/calc-bmi.htm Body Composition

  6. Lean Muscle Mass vs. Body Fat • Lean body weight • Composed of muscle, tendons, bones, connective tissue • Percentage of body fat • Amount of fat tissue in body • Determines how much weight can be lost • Average college male = 12 – 15% • Average college female = 20 – 25 Body Composition

  7. What does it look like? • 1# of body fat • Lean body mass Body Composition

  8. Methods for Calculating Body Fat#1 • Skin fold calipers (skinfold thickness) • Measure the subcutaneous fat layer • Measure at least 3 sites • Error of skinfold is 3-3.5% • As high as 5% Body Composition

  9. Method #2 • Bioelectrical impedance • Uses electrical conductivity to estimate fat-free mass • Muscle holds more water • Dehydration will cause high % reading • Error is similar to skin fold test Body Composition

  10. Method #3 • Hydrostatic weighing (underwater) • “Gold Standard” • Underwater weighing with expiration of all air in lungs • Error of 2-2.5% Body Composition

  11. Hydrostatic weighing • 1- residual lung volume established • 2-Athlete placed on scale • 3-After exhaling all air, athlete is submerged for weighing • 4-Analysis and tests are provided Body Composition

  12. Skin fold Method • Grasp dry skin between thumb and index finger • Hold the skin ½ inch above site • Caliper is held perpendicular to fold • Release grip on caliper • Dial is read to nearest 1 mm, 1-2 seconds after release • Minimum of 2 measurements, 1mm variance Body Composition

  13. Sites for Males & Females • Chest • Diagonal fold ½ the distance between the anterior axillary line (crease of underarm) and nipple • Subscapular • Diagonal fold 1-2 cm below the inferior angle of the scapula • Midaxillary (pectoral) • Vertical or horizontal fold midaxillary line at level of xiphoid process Body Composition

  14. Sites for Males & Females • Suprailiac • Diagonal fold above the iliac crest at anterior axillary line • Abdomen • Vertical fold taken 1 inch to right side of umbilicus • Triceps • Vertical fold halfway between the acromion and olecranon processes on posterior midline Body Composition

  15. Sites for Males & Females • Thigh • Vertical fold on anterior midline of thigh midway between proximal border of patella & inguinal crease • Biceps • Vertical fold on anterior aspect of arm over belly of muscle 1 cm above level used to mark triceps • Calf • Vertical fold at maximum circumference of calf on midline of medial border Body Composition

  16. Body Density Calculations for Males • Body Density = 1.1093800 – 0.0008267(sum of 3 skinfolds) + 0.0000016(sum of 3 skinfolds)2 – 0.0002574(Age) (chest, abdomen, thigh) • Body Density = 1.1125025 – 0.0013125(sum of 3 skinfolds) + 0.0000055(sum of 3 skinfolds)2 – 0.0002440(Age) (chest, triceps, subscapular) Body Composition

  17. Body Density Calculations for Females • Body Density = 1.0994921 – 0.0009929 (sum of 3 skinfolds) + 0.0000023(sum of 3 skinfolds)2 – 0.0001392(Age) (triceps, suprailium, thigh) Body Composition

  18. Body Fat Equations • Brozek: • % Body fat = [(4.57/BD)-4.142] x 100 • Siri: • % Body fat = [(4.95/BD) – 4.50] x 100 • Females Only • Percent Body Fat (YMCA) = .41563(sum of 3 skinfolds) - .00112(sum of 3 skinfolds)2 + .03661(Age) (triceps, abdomen, suprailium) Body Composition

  19. Body fat calculations • Go the the following website • www.ExRx.net Body Composition

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