Occupational Health and Safety Program

1. Occupational Health and Safety Program Personal Protective Equipment

2. Course Outline • OSHA Requirements • OSHA Standards • Selecting PPE for the Workplace • Protecting Employees from Workplace Hazards • Hazard Assessment • PPE Requirements • Training and Qualification • Face and Eye Protection • Head Protection • Foot and Leg Protection • Hand and Arm Protection • Hearing Protection

3. Getting Credit and Certificate To get full credit and certificate for this class, the class facilitator should do the following: *Present the Power Point Presentation and have all students study any handouts. *Enter the appropriate information into the facility’s training records. *Send the following information by e-mail to the Cabinet’s Safety Coordinator for each student in the class: -name, -work address, -work title, -name of class, -date of class. Safety Coordinator-Richard T. Owen at Richard.Owen@ky.gov. The certificates will be returned to the class facilitator for distribution.

4. OSHA Requirements • OSHA Standards • Training and Qualifications • Criteria for PPE • Contacts and Prescription (Rx) Lenses • Protecting Employees from Workplace Hazards

5. OSHA Standards The following OSHA standards provide mandatory requirements and compliance assistance for employers when selecting proper eye and face protection: • 1910.132 - General requirements • 1910.133 - General Industry • 1915.153 - Maritime • 1926.102 - Construction • 1910.252 - Welding, Cutting, and Brazing

6. Selecting PPE for the Workplace The employer must assess the workplace and determine if hazards that necessitate the use of eye and face protection are present, or are likely to be present, before assigning PPE to workers. A hazard assessment determines the risk of exposure to eye and face hazards, including emergency situations. • 1910.132(a) • 1915.153(a)(1) • 1910.133(a)(1) • 1926.153(a)(1)

7. Protecting Employees from Workplace Hazards PPE devices alone should not be relied on to provide protection against hazards, but should be used in conjunction with guards, engineering controls, and sound manufacturing practices. (1910 Subpart I Appendix B)

8. Hazard Assessment

9. PPE Requirements • Provide adequate protection against the particular hazards for which they are designed [1926.102(a)(6)]. • Be of safe design and construction for the work to be performed [1910.132(c)]. • Be reasonably comfortable [1926.102(a)(6)(ii)]. • Fit snugly and shall not unduly interfere with the movements of the wearer [1926.102(a)(6)(iii)].

10. PPE Requirements • Be durable [1926.102(a)(6)(iv)]. • Be capable of being disinfected [1926.102(a)(6)(v)]. • Be easily cleanable [1926.102(a)(6)(vi)]. • Be distinctly marked [1910.133(a)(4), 1926.102(a)(7)].

11. Training and Qualification 1910.132(f), Employees shall be trained to know at least the following: • When PPE is necessary. • What PPE is necessary. • How to properly don, doff, adjust, and wear PPE. • The limitations of the PPE. • The proper care, maintenance, useful life, and disposal of the PPE.

12. Training and Qualification Retraining is required, but not limited to, the following situations: • Changes in the workplace. • Changes in the types of PPE to be used • Inadequacies in an affected employee’s knowledge or use of assigned PPE indicate that the employee has not retained the requisite understanding or skill.

13. Eye and Face Protection Thousands of people are blinded each year from work-related eye injuries. According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS), nearly three out of five workers are injured while failing to wear eye and face protection.

14. Eye and Face Protection When employees are trained to work safely they should be able to anticipate and avoid injury from job-related hazards.

15. Face and Eye Protection Employees must be provided with eye and face protection equipment when machines or operations present potential eye or face injury from physical, chemical, or radiation agents. [1926.102(a)(1)]

16. Face and Eye PPE Requirements Eye and face protection must comply with the American National Standards Institute, ANSI Z87.1-1989 if purchased after July 5, 1994, or ANSI Z87.1-1968 if purchased before July 5,1994. • 1910.133(b)(1) • 1915.153(b) • 1926.102(a)

17. Face and Eye Impact Hazards: Safety Spectacles Safety spectacles are intended to shield the wearer's eyes from impact hazards such as flying fragments, objects, large chips, and particles. Workers are required to use eye safety spectacles with side shields when there is a hazard from flying objects. 1910.133(a)(2) 1915.153(a)(2)

18. Face and EyeOptical Radiation: Glare Control Glare with: Special-Purpose Spectacles that include filter or special-purpose lenses to provide protection against eye strain. Changes in your work area or lighting. Tinted eyeglass lenses or visor-type shade.

19. Face and Eye Optical Radiation: Filter Lenses Wearing protection with the correct filter shade number is required to protect workers’ eyes from optical radiation. When selecting PPE, consider the type and degree of radiant energy in the workplace. • 1910.133(a)(5) -General Industry • 1915.153 (a)(4) -Maritime • 1926.102(b)(1) -Construction

20. Face and Eye Heat Hazards: Safety Spectacles Safety spectacles with side shields are used as primary protection to shield the eyes from heat hazards. To adequately protect the eyes and face from high temperature exposure, use safety spectacles in combination with a heat-reflective face shield.

21. Face and Eye Impact Hazards: Safety Goggles Safety goggles are intended to shield the wearer's eyes from impact hazards such as flying fragments, objects, large chips, and particles. Goggles fit the face immediately surrounding the eyes and form a protective seal around the eyes. This prevents objects from entering under or around the goggles. 

22. Face and Eye Contacts and Rx Lenses Employers must ensure that employees who wear prescription (Rx) lenses or contacts use PPE that incorporates the prescription or use eye protection that can be worn over prescription lenses. • 1910.133(a)(3) • 1915.153(a)(3) • 1926.102(a)(3)

23. Face and Eye Impact Hazards: Face Shields Face shields are intended to protect the entire face, or portions thereof, from impact hazards such as flying fragments, objects, large chips, and particles. When worn alone, face shields do not protect employees from impact hazards. Use face shields in combination with safety spectacles or goggles for additional protection. 

24. Face and Eye Heat Hazards: Face Shields Heat-reflective and wire-screen face shields are intended to shield the entire face from a range of heat hazards. Face shields are considered secondary protectors to be used inaddition to primary protection such as safety spectacles or goggles.

25. Face and Eye Optical Radiation: Welding Welding helmets are secondary protectors intended to shield the eyes and face from optical radiation, heat, and impact. Use welding helmets in addition to primary protection such as safety spectacles or goggles to provide adequate protection. 

26. Face and Eye Optical Radiation: Lasers Workers with exposure to laser beams must be furnished suitable laser safety goggles which will: • Protect for the specific wavelength of the laser. • Be of optical density adequate for the energy involved. [1926.102(b)(2)]

27. Head Protection-Hard Hats Employers must ensure that their employees hear head protection if any of the following apply: Objects might fall from above and strike them on the head. They might bump their heads against fixed objects, such as exposed pipes or beams. There is a possibility of accidental head contact with electrical hazards.

28. Head Protection-Hard Hats Hard hats should do the following: • Resist penetration by objects. • Absorb the shock of a blow. • Be water resistant and slow burning. • Have clear instructions explaining proper adjustment and replacement of the suspension and headband.

29. Head Protection-Hard Hats Classifications Under Old and New Standards Z89.1-1986 Z89.1-1997 Old Standard New Standard Application Test Voltage A G General 2,200 Volts B E Electrical 20,000 Volts C C Not Tested

30. Head Protection-Hard Hats • Hard hats must have a hard outer shell. • Hard hats must have a shock absorbing lining. • Hard hats must have a headband and straps that suspend the shell from 1 to 1 ¼ inches away from the head. • This design provides shock absorption during an impact and ventilation during normal wear.

31. Foot and Leg Protection Employees who face possible foot and/or leg injuries from falling or rolling objects or form crushing or penetrating materials must wear protective footwear. Includes employees whose work involves exposure to hot substance or corrosive or poisonous materials. If an employee’s feet may be exposed to electrical hazards, non-conductive footwear should be worn. Workplace exposure to static electricity may necessitate the use of conductive footwear.

32. Foot and Leg Protection Examples of hazards requiring foot and leg protection: • When heavy objects such as tools might fall on the employee’s feet. • Working with sharp objects such as nails or spiked that could pierce the soles or uppers of ordinary shoes. • Working on or around hot, wet or slippery surfaces. • When cutting grass and/or eat eating. • When electrical hazards are present.

33. Foot and Leg Protection Safety footwear must met ANSI standards in ANSI Z41-1991.

34. Hand and Arm Protection If employees face potential injury to hands and arms that cannot be eliminated through engineering and work practice controls, employers must ensure employee wear appropriate protection. Potential hazards include: *Absorption of harmful substances, *Chemical or thermal burns, *Electrical dangers, *Bruises, *Punctures, *Fractures, and/or *Amputations.

35. Hand and Arm Protection Protective equipment includes: *Gloves, *Finger guards, *Arm coverings, *Elbow length gloves.

36. Hearing Protection If engineering and work practice controls do not lower employee exposure to workplace noise to acceptable levels, employees must wear appropriate haring protection. Hearing protectors reduce only the amount of noise that gets through to the ears. Hearing protectors worn by employees must reduce an employee’s noise exposure to within the acceptable limits specified by OSHA. If employees are exposed to occupational noise at or above 85 dB averaged over an eight hour period, the employer is required to institute a hearing conservation program that includes regular testing of employees’ hearing by qualified professionals. OSHA Standards describe the requirements for a hearing conservation program.

37. Hearing Protection-Types SINGLE USEEARPLUGS-made of waxed cotton, foam, silicone rubber of fiberglass wool. They are self-forming and, when properly inserted, they work as well as most molded earplugs. PRE-FORMED OR MOLDEDEARPLUGS-must be individually fitted by a professional and can be disposable or reusable. Reusable plugs should be cleaned after each use. EARMUFFS-require a perfect seal around the ear. Glasses, facial hair, long hair or facial movements such as chewing may reduce the protective value of earmuffs.

38. Thank You For Your Participation For additional assistance contact: Richard T. Owen Education Cabinet Safety Coordinator 601 East Main Street Frankfort, Kentucky 40601 502-564-7346 Richard.Owen@ky.gov