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Frontier Objects in Astrophysics and Particle Physics. Vulcano Workshop 2008. Concluding Address Franco Giovannelli INAF/IASF-Roma. Analogy between X-ray sky and g -ray sky. COS B Catalog. (Swanenburg, et al. 1981). (Forman et al., 1978). (Wood et al., 1984). (Giovannelli, 2006).
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Frontier Objects in Astrophysics and Particle Physics Vulcano Workshop 2008 Concluding Address Franco Giovannelli INAF/IASF-Roma
Analogy between X-ray sky and g-ray sky COS B Catalog (Swanenburg, et al. 1981) (Forman et al., 1978) (Wood et al., 1984) (Giovannelli, 2006) (Hartman et al., 1999)
ALSO MOST OF THE GAMMA-RAY SOURCES OF THE 3rd EGRET CATALOGARE STILLNOT ASSOCIATEDWITH KNOWN SOURCES (Hartman et al., 1999). 271 point-like sources • - 170 not yet definitively identified at the date of publication of the catalog • 66 BL Lac Objects • 27 Blazars • 5 Pulsars - 1 Cen A (radiogalaxy) - 1 LMC - 1 Flare Solare (Giovannelli, 2006)
G. Dubus - Vulcano 5/2006 (Ribó, 2007)
(Ptuskin, 2005) Ncr ~ 10-10 cm-3- total number density wcr ~ 1.5 eV/cm3- energy density Emax ~ 3x1020 eV - max. observed energy δcr ~ 10-3 at 1012 - 1014 eV - anisotropy rg ~ 1E/(Z×3×1015 eV) pc - Larmor radius ulsar
Candidates VHE -emitters ambient matter/ photons p Cosmic Accelerator Galactic Micro-quasars Supernovae Remnants (SNR) (shell-like type) Plerions Galactic centre Extra-galactic Blazars AGN (flat radio-spectrum quasars/BL Lac objects). GRBs Starbursts Galaxies (FIR) Galaxy clusters ... Extra-terrestrial ’s already detected at lower energies (Sun and SN1987) (Courtesy of Fabrizio Lucarelli, 2006)
Conclusions & Reflections There are many problems in performing SimultaneousMultifrequency, MultienergyMultisite, Multiinstrument,MultiplatformMeasurements due to:1. objective technological difficulties;2. sharing common scientific objectives;3. problems of scheduling and budgets;4. politic management of science. After this fruitful week it appears evident the importanceof Multifrequency astrophysics ...... and Multienergy particle physics ...... …… But
BUT…. …. The real highlights of the workshop …. … Just to remedy to my omission in my introductory talk, as remarked by Ulrich Katz …
Covering the whole e.m. spectrum cc annihilation products ICS SZ Effect ICS Brem.+ICS Brem.+ICS+p0 Synchrotron (courtesy of Sergio Colafrancesco, this worksop)
c c A definite probe of DM annihilation DM annihilation rate 20 kg in 7 months = 2 10-29 Msun / yr
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS • It is my pleasure to thank (also on behalf of • G. Mannocchi, who has left the workshop • this morning because of the launch of GLAST) • The Organizing Committee (G. Battiston, • R. Fusco Femiano, A. Grillo, G. Nicoletti, • Santangelo) • Maria Cristina D’Amato, Lia Sabatini, Massimo Frutti • The directors of the • INAF-IASF, Roma, INAF-IFSI, Torino, • INFN – LNF, INFN – LNGS, • INFN –MI, IAAT, KC-TÜ
Particular warm thanks to: • ALL SPEAKERS, who rendered interesting • this workshop. • ALL PARTICIPANTS, who rendered alive • the workshop with their question-answers, • and for the friendly atmosphere. • The FOUR COLLEAGUES and FRIENDS who kindly • accepted the not easy task of making the • concluding remarks of the workshop. • Many thanks also to: • Lisa Colosimo & Flavia Giovannelli • Alessandro Perpich & Rocco De Massis • Finally, many thanks to: • The staff of the EOLIAN Hotel
FRONTIER OBJECTS IN ASTROPHYSICS AND PARTICLE PHYSICS A Quiet Revolution An award-winning educational film (Narrated by Meryl Streep) Produced by the Earth Council With the support of Soka Gakkai International
“It is of vital importance that people understand the irreplaceable value of the eco-system to which they belong, and that they commit themselves to preserve and protect it. The best way to develop that consciousness is to get involved in practical experiences, such as, for example, projects for planting new trees. The “Campaign for a billion trees”, which was promoted by the United Nation Program for the Environment (UNEP) and was originally put forward by Wangari Maathai, represents a remarkable initiative at a base level to counterbalance the climate evolution. Such a Campaign has been an extraordinary success: already in 2007 a billion nine hundred million trees were planted, and for 2008 the goal is to plant another billion trees.” [Daisaku Ikeda, from “Message of Peace”, 2008, “Buddismo e Società”, issue #128 (in Italian)]
During this fruitful workshop, we hope to have demonstrated once more the “Vulcano Theorem” enunciated in 1984 in my concluding address: It is possible to develop science seriously even if smiling.
“The one who has many friends has greater opportunities for growth. In this way, one both makes society a better place, and lives happier and more satisfied. In all cases, human relations, inter-personal interaction and communication are of vital importance. We must establish and nurture friendship and contacts with many people, both in our environment, and in society in general. In this manner our life will open up and will flourish”. [Daisaku Ikeda, in “For Today and Tomorrow”, thought of 30th May, Soka Gakkai, 1999]
Many Thanks for Your Attention See you in Vulcano next time!