Chapter 1: Historical Development and Some Basic Issues

2. Chapter 1: Historical Development and Some Basic Issues • Chronology of career counseling and guidance movement • Beginnings of the counseling profession • Early contributors • Early governmental programs • Development of professional organizations • Career counseling from past and future perspectives • Some basic issues that reflect current and future needs of career counseling: • The case for the individual - Counseling in a culturally diverse society • Career life perspective - Effective use of career information • Working in the 21st century - Focusing on a multiple spectrum of • Lifelong learning domains

3. Chapter 2: Theories of Career Development • Trait-Oriented Theories • Social Learning and Cognitive Theories • Developmental Theories • Person-in-Environment Perspective • Implications for Career Guidance • Case Study

4. Holland’s model of personality types and occupational environments

5. Steps in using the SDS

6. A career counseling sequence for individuals

7. The life-career rainbow: Six life roles in schematic life space

8. A segmental model of career development

9. Ecological systems map

10. Chapter 3: Career Counseling Models • Relevant issues and concepts emerging from model development • Suggestions for career guidance from a career life planning model • Trait-and-factor and person-environment-fit model • Developmental model • Learning theory model • Cognitive information-processing approach model • Multicultural career counseling model for ethnic women • Model summary of counseling goals, intake interview techniques, use of assessment, diagnosis, and counseling process

11. Use of the theory of work adjustment in career choice

12. Pyramid of information-processing domains

13. Individual learning plan

14. Chapter 4: Managing Sets of Needs • Rationale for a holistic approach to career counseling • Interrelationships of multiple roles • The call to fuse career and personal counseling • Domain-sensitive approach as sets of needs • Using integrative counseling methods and procedures • A nexus for integrative counseling • Client concerns by theoretical domains • Counseling strategies for theoretical domains • Case study

15. Chapter 5: Career Counseling Intake Interview • Rationale for career counseling intake interviews • Suggested sequence for an interview • Suggestions for interviewing multicultural groups • How to assess the significance of life roles and potential conflicts • How to discover problems that interfere with career development • Informative tables: personality disorders as related to work impairments; five types of work psychopathology; taxonomy of psychological work-related dysfunctions • Case examples

16. Chapter 6: Using Standardized Assessment in Career Counseling • Problems associated with selecting standardized assessment instruments • Suggestions for evaluating adapted and accommodated versions of standardized tests • Achieving equity in assessment • Assessing the acculturation level of multicultural groups • Identifying career beliefs • Identifying skills, proficiencies, and abilities • Identifying academic achievement • Identifying and confirming interest levels • Discovering personality variables • Determining values • Exploring career maturity variables • Using computer-assisted career guidance research • Resources for evaluating assessment instruments

17. Chapter 7: Self-Assessment and a Model for Using Assessment • Using self-assessment as an alternative in career counseling • Learning how to self-assess • Self-assessment through self-observations • Autobiography • Focused questions to uncover specific variables • Nontraditional interest identification • Card sorts • Lifeline – A career life planning experience • Guided fantasy exercise to increase self-awareness • Self-assessment of skills • Using assessment results, including standardized tests • Seven-stage model for using assessment results • The future of assessment

18. Factors affecting the sex-role socialization and career decision-making process

19. Chapter 8: Technology in the New Millennium • Guidelines for using computer-assisted career guidance systems • Cautions about and advantages of computer-assisted career guidance systems • Development of career information systems • Brief review of DISCOVER and SIGI PLUS • Steps in using computer-assisted career guidance programs • How to use the Internet appropriately for career guidance • Examples and Web locations of current programs • New technology to develop skills • Review of innovative learning delivery systems • Implementing a computer-based program

20. Career planning process

21. Chapter 9: On Being an Ethical Career Counselor • Some ethical standards from several professional organizations • Ethical competency issues • Some boundaries of confidentiality • Some responsibilities of informed consent • Some boundaries of measurement and evaluation • Some Internet user ethical issues • Ethical responsibilities with peer counselors • Examples of violations

22. Chapter 10: Career Counseling for Multicultural Groups • Definitions of culture • Four major cultural groups: Asian Americans, African Americans, Hispanic Americans, and Native Americans • Cultural variability • Cultural differences in work-related activities • Learning how to be culturally competent • Review of immigrants’ problems and adjustments to a new and different culture • Living and working in a culturally diverse society

23. Percentage of population by race

24. Influences on worldview

25. Steps to interpersonal and intercultural success or stagnation

26. Chapter 11: Gender Issues in Career Counseling • Career development theories for women • Multicultural perspectives when working with women and men • Factors that influence gender development • Shared work roles • Special needs of women and men

27. Chapter 12: Special Issues in Family Systems Featuring Issues of Dual Careers • How to identify the nuclear and extended family • Current trends of change in family systems and family relationships • Case example of a dual-career couple in conflict • Issues facing dual-career families • Implications for career counseling • Appropriate counseling interventions for the case example

28. Level of overall marital satisfaction

29. Chapter 13: Career Counseling for Individuals with Disabilities • The Americans with Disabilities Act • Special problems and needs of individuals with disabilities • Implications for career guidance • Rehabilitation programs • Case study: client at a state rehabilitation center • Career education and a module for individuals with disabilities • Group counseling program for individuals with disabilities

30. Chapter 14: Career Counseling for Gay, Lesbian, and Bisexual Clients • Sexual orientation as a factor in career counseling approaches • Negative stereotypes attributed to homophobia • Forms of discrimination at work: blackmail, ostracism, sexual harassment, exclusion, the lavender ceiling • Identity issues and a homosexual identity formation model • Holistic approach to identity development • Cultural differences in sexual orientation • Special needs of youth with same-sex orientations • Sex-stage model for career counseling gay, lesbian, and bisexual individuals

31. Chapter 15: Career-Related Programs and Counseling in Elementary Schools • Career educational goals and competencies • Building support for career-related programs • National career guidelines • Career competencies by grade level • Role of elementary school counselors • Strategies for integrating career development concepts • Resources for career development • Counseling culturally different children

32. Chapter 16: Career-Related Programs and Counseling in Secondary Schools • Comprehensive school guidance programs, including planning for life strategies • Exemplary comprehensive school guidance programs in public schools • Sample career goals and competencies • Examples of integrating career development concepts through classroom infusion • Sources of career videos for educational purposes • Integrating academic and vocational education • Goals of tech-prep programs • Apprenticeship and future work • School-to-work programs • Role of placement in the high school

33. Chapter 17: Career Services and Counseling in Institutions of Higher Learning • Characteristics of college students • How college affects career choice and development • National goals for college career guidance programs • Implications for career guidance programs in institutions of higher learning • Career prep program at a community college consortium • Module model of a curricular career information service • Metroplex model for career counseling • Life-planning workshops, including example cases • Work- and experience-based programs for college and university students • Role of college and university placement offices

34. Chapter 18: Work in Our Lives • Changing organizations and new concepts in career development • Post bureaucratic organizations have advantages for multicultural groups • How work has changed • Basic skills needed for work in the future • The rise of the knowledge worker • The rise of the temporary worker • Knowledge as the key resource • Stress at work • Aging workers

35. Human network organization

36. Chapter 19: Career Counseling for Adults in Career Transition • Occupational transitions in the new millennium • Job loss concerns • Shift of risks from organization to individual • Adults who want to change careers • Establishment stage transitions • Midcareer and maintenance stage transitions • Late career and transition to retirement • Interacting influences in career development • Volatile behavior in the workplace • Intervention components for adults in career transition

37. Work experience analysis form

38. Leisure experience analysis form

39. Skills identification form

40. Lifestyle identification form