Curriculum & Instruction in Physical Education

1. Curriculum & Instruction in Physical Education Chapter 2: Mandates & Standards

2. Balancing Act • How should a curriculum committee determine how much emphasis should be on State Benchmarks, or National Standards? • How can the school district manage all the demands placed on it by local, state, and national?!

3. How can local schools manage to teach to meet the needs of students. . • Who are bilingual? • Come from abusive homes? • Live with a single parent, or are tugged between two parents? • Who are hungry? • With special needs? • . . . and meet all local, state, and federal mandates?

4. Public Demands Local Initiatives State School Legal Mandates Requirements National Standards

5. What are schools/teachers mandated to do from a moral standpoint? • What are schools mandated to do from a legal standpoint?

6. Areas of Concern • Reasonable & Prudent • Good Teaching Practices • Developmentally Appropriate • Ability level grouping—Safety • Qualified Teacher • Proper Equipment • Safe Facilities

7. Legalities and Liability • Desegregation • Title IX-Gender Integration • Inclusion • Section 504 ; PL 94-142 • Teacher’s Liability • How can teacher’s ensure their own protection?

8. Alignment • National Standards • State Frameworks • Local School District • Individual School • Grade Level Competencies • Grade Level Program Goals • Program Instructional Strands

9. What Standards are set by STATE?

10. Time Graduation Requirements School days Student Testing Curriculum Funding formulas Teacher Licensure Regulations for students with special needs

11. Michigan’s EPEC • Example of flexible FRAMEWORK developed at the state level. • Goals in Four Content Areas • Objectives • Lessons/Learning Experiences • Assessment

12. EPEC 4 Content Areas • Fitness • Motor Skill • Cognitive Knowledge • Personal and Social Responsibility

13. Ohio Model • Three Content Areas • Total Fitness • Motor Skill Development and Movement • Lifetime Sport and Leisure Skill

14. National Standards • NASPE • Content Standards • Outcomes • Benchmarks • COPEC (Council on Physical Education for Children)

15. MICHIGAN DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION • PHYSICAL EDUCATION CONTENT STANDARDS

16. Motor Skills 1. demonstrate selected fundamental object control skills; 2. demonstrate selected postural, nonlocomotor, and body control (movement) skills; 3. demonstrate selected fundamental rhythmical skills; 4. demonstrate selected fundamental rhythmical skills;

17. Physical Fitness 5. participate successfully in selected health-enhancing, lifelong physical activities; 6. develop and maintain healthy levels of cardiorespiratory endurance; 7. develop and maintain healthy levels of muscular strength and endurance; 8. develop and maintain healthy levels of flexibility of selected joints of the body; 9. develop and maintain healthy levels of body composition;

18. Cognitive Concepts 10. apply the concepts of body awareness, time, space, direction, and force to movement; 11. explain and apply the essential steps in learning motor skills; 12. describe the effects of activity and inactivity and formulate examples of lifestyle choices that result in the development and maintenance of health related fitness;

19. Personal and SocialCharacter Traits 13. demonstrate appropriate behavior related to selected personal/social character traits that commonly emerge in a physical activity context; and 14. value physical activity and its contribution to lifelong health and well-being.

20. Content Standard 1Motor Skills • All students will demonstrate selected fundamental locomotor skills.

21. Early Elementary • Demonstrate appropriate form in the following locomotor skills: walk, run, leap, horizontal jump, vertical jump, skip, hop, gallop, and slide.

22. Later Elementary • Demonstrate mature form and functional competence in the following locomotor skills: walk, run, leap, horizontal jump, vertical jump, skip, hop, gallop, and slide.

23. Content Standard 2Motor Skills • All students will demonstrate selected fundamental object control skills.

24. Early Elementary • Demonstrate appropriate form in the following object control skills: underhand throw (toss), overhand throw, catch, hand dribble, kick, and strike (batting, forehand).

25. Later Elementary • Demonstrate mature form and functional competence in the following object control skills: underhand throw (toss), overhand throw, catch, hand dribble, kick, and strike (batting, forehand, overhand, underhand, backhand, punt, chest, and pass).

26. Content Standard 3Motor Skills • All students will demonstrate selected postural, non-locomotor, and body control (movement) skills.

27. Early Elementary • Demonstrate the ability to perform nonlocomotor skills (e.g., bending, stretching, rocking, rolling, curling, twisting, turning, pushing, pulling, swinging, swaying, and landing). • Demonstrate good posture while walking/standing. • Demonstrate appropriate form in falling-landing rolling (e.g., landing, forward shoulder roll, backward shoulder roll).

28. Demonstrate appropriate form in selected balances (e.g., dynamic upright, static upright, inverted). • Demonstrate mature form in selected vaulting and rope jumping skills. • Demonstrate mature form in selected twisting and turning skills.

29. Later Elementary • Demonstrate good posture while lifting, carrying, pushing, pulling, and sitting. • Demonstrate mature form in falling-landing-rolling (e.g., landing, forward shoulder roll, backward shoulder roll). • Demonstrate mature form in selected balances (e.g., dynamic upright, static upright, inverted).

30. Content Standard 4Motor Skill • All students will demonstrate selected fundamental rhythmical skills.

31. Early Elementary • Demonstrate locomotor skills in time to selected rhythmic patterns (e.g., even, uneven, fast and slow). • Create and/or imitate movements in response to selected rhythms (e.g., animals, machines, and objects).

32. Later Elementary • Perform simple folk, square, creative, and/or aerobic rhythmic activities. • Perform a simple routine to music in jump rope, dance, or tumbling.

33. Content Standard 5Motor Skills • “All students will participate successfully in selected health-enhancing, lifelong physical activities.”

34. Later Elementary • Demonstrate selected sports specific skills in the following categories: swimming; individual, dual or team sports; dance; recreational games; and outdoor pursuits.

35. Middle School & High School • Demonstrate an exposure level of competence from three of the following categories: swimming; personal conditioning; individual, dual or team sports; dance; recreational games; and outdoor pursuits.

36. Content Standard 6Physical Fitness All students will develop and maintain healthy levels of cardiorespiratory endurance.

37. Early Elementary • Sustain moderate to intense levels of physical activity that cause increased heart rate, breathing rate, perspiration, etc. (e.g., running, galloping, skipping, and hopping).

38. Later Elementary & Middle School • Meet standards on selected fitness activities that develop and maintain cardiorespiratory endurance (e.g., timed or distance walk/run and other endurance activities as specified heart rate/heart rate recovery).

39. High School • Assess personal status of cardiorespiratory endurance. • Develop and maintain health related levels of cardiorespiratory endurance.

40. Content Standard 7Physical Fitness • All students will develop and maintain healthy levels of muscular strength and endurance.

41. Later Elementary • Meet standards on selected fitness activities that develop and maintain muscular strength and endurance of the abdomen, lower back, upper body, thigh, lower leg and neck (e.g., push-up activities, curl-up activities, isometric strength activities, jump rope activities, and bench-stepping activities).

42. Middle School • Meet standards on selected fitness activities that develop and maintain muscular strength and endurance of the abdomen, lower back, upper body, thigh, lower leg and neck (e.g., calisthenics activities and resistance training).

43. High School • Assess personal status of muscular strength and endurance of the arms, shoulders, abdomen, back and legs. Develop and maintain health related levels of muscular strength and endurance of the abdomen, lower back, upper body, thigh, lower leg and neck.