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Smooth, rough, broken: From Lyapunov exponents and zero modes to caustics in the description of inertial particles. G. Falkovich Leiden, August 2006. Smooth flow. 1d. H is convex. Multi-dimensional. → singular (fractal) SRB Measure. entropy. Coarse-grained density.
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Smooth, rough, broken:From Lyapunov exponents and zero modes to caustics in the description of inertial particles. G. Falkovich Leiden, August 2006
Smooth flow 1d H is convex
→ singular (fractal) SRB Measure entropy
Coarse-grained density An anomalous scaling corresponds to slower divergence of particles to get more weight. Statistical integrals of motion (zero modes) of the backward-in-time evolution compensate the increase in the distances by the concentration decrease inside the volume. Bec, Gawedzki, Horvai, Fouxon
Inertial particles u v Maxey
Spatially smooth flow One-dimensional model Equivalent in 1d to Anderson localization: localization length=Lyapunov exponent
Statistics of inter-particle distance in 1d high-order moments correspond effectively to large Stokes
Continuous flow Piterbarg, Turitsyn, Derevyanko, Pumir, GF
2d short-correlated Baxendale and Harris, Chertkov, Kolokolov, Vergassola, Piterbarg, Mehlig and Wilkinson
-2 n Falkovich, Lukaschuk, Denissenko
3d Short-correlated flow Duncan, Mehlig, Ostlund, Wilkinson Finite-correlated flow Bec, Biferale, Boffetta, Cencini, Musacchio, Toschi
Clustering versus mixing in the inertial interval: Balkovsky, Fouxon, Stepanov, GF, Horvai, Bec Cencini, Hillerbrand
Fluid velocity roughness decreases clustering of particles Pdf of velocity difference has a power tail Bec, Cencini, Hillerbrand
Collision rate Sundaram, Collins; Balkovsky, Fouxon, GF Fouxon, Stepanov, GF Bezugly, Mehlig and Wilkinson Pumir, GF
Main open problems 1. To understand relations between the Lagrangian and Eulerian descriptions. 2. To sort out two contributions into different quantities: i) from a smooth dynamics and multi-fractal spatial distribution, and ii) from explosive dynamics and caustics. 3. Find how collision rate and density statistics depend on the dimensionless parameters (Reynolds, Stokes and Froude numbers).