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Origins and Philosophy of Confucianism and Taoism in China

Explore the origins, teachings, and philosophies of Confucianism by Confucius and Taoism by Lao-Tzu in ancient China. Understand the basic principles of social order, harmony, and nature alignment in these influential belief systems.

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Origins and Philosophy of Confucianism and Taoism in China

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  1. WHI. 4f—China Confucianism and Taoism

  2. Origins of Confucianism • Confucius also known as K’ung-fu-tzu is the founder • Born in 551 B.C.E. • Confucius was a scholar and wanted to advise rulers

  3. Origins of Confucianism • Confucius never wrote his teachings • Students later collected them in what is known as the Analects • The Analects provide the basic teachings of Confucius and is the most important text in Confucianism

  4. Philosophy of Confucianism • Confucius was not concerned with the divine/holy • Confucius’ main concern was how to promote social order and a moral/ethical government

  5. Philosophy of Confucianism • Based on parent child relationships, also known as filial piety • Respect for one’s elders* • Humans are naturally good • Opposite of legalism • Correct and moral behavior would bring peace, order, and stability

  6. Philosophy of Confucianism • Harmony exists when people accept their place in society • Six relationships • Worship and praise the ancestors • Code of politeness (still used in China today) • Emphasis on education https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=apQUcKFFZCg

  7. Six Relationships—DO NOT WRITE • Parent to Child • Filial piety • Husband to Wife • Wife subordinate to husband • Elder Sibling to Younger Sibling • Ruler to Minister • Teacher to Student • Friend to Friend • Only equal relationship

  8. Origins of Taoism • The founder of Taoism is Lao-Tzu (Laozi) • Born around the 6th Century—was a contemporary of Confucius • Is the author of Tao TeChing—the foundational/sacred text of Taoism

  9. Origins of Taoism • Lao Tzu believed people had lost touch with their essential self (the Te) and the way (the Tao) of harmony in the universe • The Tao TeChing was written to help people understand and follow the Tao

  10. Philosophy of Taoism • The goal is to live in harmony with nature (follow the Tao) • The simple life leads to peace and happiness • P’u (the uncarved block)—in our most basic state we contain great power

  11. Philosophy of Taoism • Have few desires and be humble—seek humility • “Those who know do not speak. Those who speak do not know.”  • “The wise man is one who, knows, what he does not know.”  • Belief of Wu Wei (action less action) • Going with the flow, doing what comes natural

  12. Belief shared by Taoism and Confucianism • Yin and Yang represents opposites in nature (Part of Confucianism and Taoism)

  13. Yin -Down -Cold -Wet -Death -Negative -Feminine -Time -Passive -In -Day -Autumn and Winter Yang -Up -Hot -Dry -Life -Positive -Masculine -Space -Active -Out -Night -Spring and Summer

  14. Winnie The Pooh https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Dj6EPlm8Kgk

  15. The Three Vinegar Tasters Siddhartha Gautama Lao Tzu Confucius

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