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Pediatric Assessment

Pediatric Assessment. Summer 2007. Auditory Responses. In adults, response type was unimportant With children, it can have significant effects Possible responses cover a WIDE range of behaviors

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Pediatric Assessment

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  1. Pediatric Assessment Summer 2007

  2. Auditory Responses • In adults, response type was unimportant • With children, it can have significant effects • Possible responses cover a WIDE range of behaviors • Children do not typically respond to sounds at threshold, but only to sounds more clearly audible: Minimum Response Levels (see Table 8.1)

  3. Identifying Hearing Loss in Infants under 3 Months of Age • Infant hearing screening was historically done only with those “at risk” for hearing loss. • In the last 15 years, UNIVERSAL newborn hearing screening has come into wide use – on a state-by-state basis. • Objective tests used to screen: • OAEs • ABR

  4. Testing Young Children • Reflexive reactions (e.g.,Moro within 2 mos) • Behavioral Observation Audiometry: thru 6-8 mos • Conditioned Orienting Reflex/Visual Reinforcement Audiometry from 4 months • Play audiometry (18 months and up) • Operant conditioning audiometry • Electrophysiologic Tests • OAEs, Aud Evoked Responses

  5. Visual Reinforcement Audiometry SPEAKER LIGHT-UP, ANIMATED REINFORCERS DISTRACTER TOY

  6. Auditory Processing Disorders “How the ear talks to the brain and how the brain understands what the ear is telling it.” -- Musiek

  7. The Child with APD • has normal hearing • has normal intelligence • has trouble using auditory input • cannot learn well through audition alone • will have difficulty in noisy, open classrooms • may have difficulty attending to sound for any length of time

  8. Management • Classroom Modifications • Remediation Activities • Compensatory Strategies • Each child is unique -Blanket recommendations don’t work

  9. Identifying Hearing Loss in the Schools • 14.9% of US children aged six to nineteen have a measurable hearing loss in one or both ears (Niskar et. al., 1998) • Screening programs mandated by states at specific grade levels.

  10. Nonorganic Hearing Loss in Children • Feigning a hearing problem, most commonly for attention. • More common in 10 to 14 year olds, • But may appear in younger children as well.

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