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名词的单复数

名词的单复数. 问题 1 ： --- How many does a cow have? --- Four. A ． stomaches B ． stomach C ． stomachs D ． stomachies. . 以 s, sh, ch, x 等结尾的名词变复数时加 –es ；但如果以 –ch 结尾的名词发音为 [k] 时，只加 –s 。

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名词的单复数

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  1. 名词的单复数

  2. 问题1： --- How many does a cow have? --- Four. A．stomaches B．stomach C．stomachs D．stomachies  以 s, sh, ch, x等结尾的名词变复数时加 –es；但如果以 –ch 结尾的名词发音为 [k]时，只加 –s。 另外，以辅音字母 +y 结尾的名词变复数时，需将 y 变成 i，再加 -es；以元音字母 +y 结尾的则直接加 -s。以辅音字母加 y 结尾的专有名词变复数时，也直接加 -s。

  3. 问题2： The ______ of the building are covered with lots of ______. A．roofs; leaves B．rooves; leafs C．roof; leaf D．roofs; leafs  以 f 或 fe 结尾的名词变复数时： a. 加 s，如：serf --- serfs belief---beliefs roof---roofs chief --- chiefs safe---safes gulf---gulfs；b. 去 f, fe 加 ves，如：half---halvesknife---knives leaf---leaveswolf---wolves wife---wives life---livesthief---thieves；c. 均可, 如：handkerchief --- handkerchiefs / handkerchieves

  4. 问题3： When the farmer returned home he found three ______ missing. A．sheeps B．sheepes C．sheep D．sheepies  当sheep; deer; fish表示数量时，单复数同形；如果表示不同种类，则需加 –s 或 –es。 单复数同形的名词有： deer，sheep，fish，Chinese，Japanese, Swiss works, means, head

  5. 问题4： Some ______ visited our school last Wednesday. A．German B．Germen C．Germans D．Germens  国家人的名词需要记住三种情况： 1、单复数同形：Chinese; Japanese; Swiss 2、需要变形：English - Englishman 3、加 –s 或 -es：German – Germans 详见下表。

  6. 问题5： _______ will make a trip around the world during the coming Christmas. (1993 上海) A. The Evens B. The Evens’ C. The Evenses D. The Evenses’  专有名词的复数与定冠词连用，常用来表示“一家人”或一家之中的两个或几个重要的人。如： --- Who did you spend last weekend with? --- _____. (98上海) A Palmer’s B The Palmers’ C The Palmers D The Palmer’s 

  7. 问题6： Mr Smith has two ______, both of whom are teachers in a school. A．brothers-in-law B．brother-in-laws C．brothers-in-laws D．brothers-in law  以连字符号连接的合成名词一般将中心名词变成复数，如：managers-in-chief; fathers-in-law。如果没有中心名词就在该合成词的最后加 –s。如：grown-ups。

  8. 名词的可数与不可数

  9. 问题1： He gained his _____ by printing _____ of famous writers. (NMET95) A. wealth; work B. wealths; works C. wealths; work D. wealth; works  抽象名词和物质名词被称为不可数名词。本题中 wealth 为不可数名词，works 作“作品”解，属单复数同形的可数名词。

  10. 问题2： Can you give us some ______ about the writer? A．informations B．information C．piece of informations D．pieces information  大多数不可数名词都不可能转化为可数名词，常见的有：information; news; advice; progress; fun ……如： This is not a match. We’re playing chess for _____. A habit B hobby C fun D game (2001上海春季) 

  11. 问题3： Many people agree that ____of English is a must in international trade today. (NMET96) A. a knowledge B. knowledges C. knowledge D. the knowledge  有些抽象名词和物质名词也可转化为可数名词，用来表示某种特定的意义。a knowledge of …表示“对……有所了解“。又如： This meeting is a great success. 请看下面的可数与不可数名词的转化：

  12. a. 当物质名词转化为个体名词时。Cake is a kind of food.　蛋糕是一种食物。 (U) These cakes are sweet.　这些蛋糕很好吃。 (C)b. 当物质名词表示该物质的种类时，名词可数。This factory produces steel.(U)We need various steels.(C)c. 当物质名词表示份数时，可数。Our country is famous for tea. Two teas, please. 请来两杯茶。 d. 抽象名词有时也可数。four freedoms 四大自由 the four modernizations 四个现代化 many interests 许多兴趣

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