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Multinational Financial Management Alan Shapiro 7 th Edition J.Wiley & Sons. Power Points by Joseph F. Greco, Ph.D. California State University, Fullerton. COUNTRY RISK ANALYSIS. CHAPTER 6. PART I. THE MEASUREMENT OF POLITICAL RISK. I. MEASURING POLITICAL RISK
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Multinational Financial ManagementAlan Shapiro7th EditionJ.Wiley & Sons Power Points by Joseph F. Greco, Ph.D. California State University, Fullerton
COUNTRY RISK ANALYSIS CHAPTER 6
PART I. THE MEASUREMENT OF POLITICAL RISK I. MEASURING POLITICAL RISK A. Country-specific perspective
THE MEASUREMENT OF POLITICAL RISK B. Political Stability 1. Measured by: a. Frequency of government changes b. Level of violence c. Number of armed insurrections d. Conflict with other states
THE MEASUREMENT OF POLITICAL RISK C. Economic Factors 1. Indicators of political unrest a. Rampant inflation b. Balance of payment deficits c. Slowed growth of per capita GDP
THE MEASUREMENT OF POLITICAL RISK D. Subjective Factors 1. Profit Opportunity Recommendation 2. Political Risk and Uncertain Property Rights
THE MEASUREMENT OF POLITICAL RISK 3. Capital Flight a. Definition: the export of savings by a nation’s citizens because of safety-of-capital fears. b. Measurement: use the balance-of- payment account
THE MEASUREMENT OF POLITICAL RISK c. Causes of capital flight 1.) Inappropriate economic policies 2.) Expectation of devaluation 3.) High political risk
PART II. ECONOMIC AND POLITICAL FACTORS II. Economic and Political Factors Primary focus: How well is the country doing economically? A. Fiscal Irresponsibility -high government deficits B. Monetary Instability C. Controlled Exchange Rate System -currency usually overvalued D. Wasteful Government Spending -inability to service foreign debt
ECONOMIC AND POLITICAL FACTORS D. Resource Base -lack of strong work ethic E. Country Risk and Adjustment to External Shocks 1. What are the impacts of external shocks: -how well a nation responds varies
ECONOMIC AND POLITICAL FACTORS 2. Key Indicators of Country Risk a. Relative size of government debt b. Money expansion c. Existence of government- imposed barriers to market forces
ECONOMIC AND POLITICAL FACTORS 2. Key Indicators of Country Risk (con’t) d. Level of tax rates e. Amount of government-owned firms f. Political and fiscal responsibility g. Amount and extent of corruption
ECONOMIC AND POLITICAL FACTORS Key indicators of economic health a. Structural incentives b. Legal structure c. Clear incentives to save d. Open economy e. Stable macroeconomic policies
PART III. COUNTRY RISK ANALYSIS IN INTERNATIONAL BANKING • Country Risk and the Terms of Trade What ultimately determines a nation’s ability to repay foreign loans? - the speed of adjustment
COUNTRY RISK ANALYSIS IN INTERNATIONAL BANKING • The Government’s Cost/Benefit Calculus - debt to wealth ratio - cost of default - fluctuations in the terms of trade
COUNTRY RISK ANALYSIS IN INTERNATIONAL BANKING • Lessons from the International Debt Crisis of 1982 Economic reforms that work: • Strong head of state • Viable economic plan • Competent economic team • Support “at the top” • Sell the program to all levels of society